Collaborative Research: Pacific-Arctic Carbon Synthesis - Transformations, Fluxes, and Budgets

合作研究：太平洋-北极碳合成 - 转换、通量和预算

• 批准号: 1107997
• 负责人: Jeremy Mathis
• 金额: $ 32.5万
• 依托单位: University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1107997&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Pacific; Arctic; Carbon

Predicting future conditions of the Arctic Ocean system requires scientific knowledge of its present status as well as a process-based understanding of the mechanisms of change. This research effort will synthesize a number of recent, upcoming, and historical datasets to create three regional carbon budgets for the Chukchi/western Beaufort Sea, the Bering Sea, and the northern Gulf of Alaska. As waters from the North Pacific make their way through these regions a number of transformations occur that modify them before they enter the central Arctic Ocean. In general, the waters exiting these shelf seas are fresher, colder, and have lower pH due to the uptake of CO2 and the remineralization of organic matter. Because of the importance that biogeochemical transformations have in preconditioning the waters of the central Arctic and ultimately parts of the North Atlantic it is important to gain a better understanding of how these processes impact the carbon biogeochemistry of the region. The investigators propose to address this issue by better constraining the carbon budgets for three zones in the Pacific sector of the Arctic Ocean including coastal fluxes, rates of primary production and air-sea exchange of CO2 as well as developing algorithms with predictive capabilities for carbonate mineral saturation states. The aim of this effort is to determine how physical forcing and biological responses control the marine carbon cycle including the rates of air-sea CO2 exchange and net community production as well as ocean acidification effects in the contrasting shelf environments, and to better constrain the present stocks and fluxes of carbon and determine how climate change will affect the regional carbon cycle. The project will support four early career investigators, a postdoctoral scientist, and a Ph.D. student.

预测北冰洋系统的未来状况需要对其现状的科学知识，以及对变化机制的基于过程的了解。这项研究工作将综合一些最近、即将到来的和历史的数据集，以创建楚科奇/波弗特海西部、白令海和阿拉斯加湾北部的三个区域碳收支。当来自北太平洋的水通过这些地区时，发生了一些变化，在它们进入北冰洋中部之前对它们进行了修改。一般而言，由于二氧化碳的吸收和有机物的再矿化，离开这些陆架海域的水更新鲜、更冷，而且PH值更低。由于生物地球化学变化在对北极中部水域和最终北大西洋部分水域进行预调节方面具有重要意义，因此必须更好地了解这些过程如何影响该区域的碳生物地球化学。研究人员建议通过更好地限制北冰洋太平洋部分三个区域的碳预算来解决这一问题，包括沿海通量、初级生产量和二氧化碳的海气交换，并开发具有预测碳酸盐矿物饱和状态能力的算法。这项工作的目的是确定物理强迫和生物反应如何控制海洋碳循环，包括海-气二氧化碳交换和群落净生产量的速率以及不同大陆架环境中的海洋酸化效应，并更好地限制目前的碳储量和碳通量，并确定气候变化将如何影响区域碳循环。该项目将支持四名早期职业研究人员、一名博士后科学家和一名博士生。