Dissertation Research: Costs of Plasticity in Plant Defense: Sexual and Asexual Fitness Across Years

论文研究：植物防御可塑性的成本：多年来的有性和无性适应性

• 批准号: 1110773
• 负责人: Nora Underwood
• 金额: $ 1.47万
• 依托单位: Florida State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-05-01 至 2014-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1110773&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Costs; Plasticity; Plant

One characteristic of invasive weeds that may contribute to their success is their ability to actively respond to herbivores. Understanding the spread of weeds therefore requires studying how these responses, called "induced defenses", may evolve. While many invasive weeds live for many years and can reproduce asexually through underground stems, previous studies of defense evolution have only measured sexual reproduction (seed set) over one year. This project examines the evolution of induced defenses in the weed Solanum carolinense by using genetic analysis to measure both sexual and asexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction and defenses have already been measured in an ongoing field experiment over one year; re-sprouts from this experiment will be identified using microsatellite DNA analysis to quantify reproduction in a second year. The relationship between defenses and combined reproduction will indicate how induced defenses are expected to evolve in natural populations.This project will address how herbivores affect the evolution and asexual spread of a noxious weed that is also a host for several economically important insect pests, including the Colorado potato beetle. Better understanding of how weeds succeed is relevant to developing better management of weeds and invasive species. Additionally, this project will develop genetic markers for future studies and provide undergraduate research training.

入侵杂草的一个特点可能有助于他们的成功是他们能够积极响应食草动物。 因此，了解杂草的传播需要研究这些被称为“诱导防御”的反应是如何进化的。 虽然许多入侵杂草可以存活多年，并且可以通过地下茎进行无性繁殖，但以前的防御进化研究只测量了一年多的有性繁殖（种子集）。 本计画借由遗传分析来测量有性与无性繁殖，以探讨杂草Solanum carolinense诱导防御的演化。 有性生殖和防御已经在一年多的田间实验中进行了测量;将使用微卫星DNA分析来确定该实验的重新发芽，以量化第二年的生殖。 防御和联合繁殖之间的关系将表明诱导防御在自然种群中是如何进化的，这个项目将解决草食动物如何影响一种有毒杂草的进化和无性传播，这种杂草也是几种重要的经济害虫的宿主，包括科罗拉多马铃薯甲虫。 更好地了解杂草是如何成功的是相关的发展更好地管理杂草和入侵物种。此外，该项目将为未来的研究开发遗传标记，并提供本科生研究培训。