Innovations in the Measurement and Analysis of Environmental Exposures

环境暴露测量和分析的创新

• 批准号: 1133304
• 负责人: Jody Roberts
• 金额: $ 2.5万
• 依托单位: Science History Institute
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-05-15 至 2014-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1133304&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Innovations; Measurement; Analysis; Environmental; Exposures

Each day, every citizen of the U.S. is exposed to an unknown number of natural and synthetic chemicals in her or his environment--through the air we breathe, the food we eat, the water we drink, and the consumer products we use as a part of our daily routines. Most researchers working in environmental and public health now recognize that these daily exposures likely play a significant role in our health and well being across the life course. The 2008-2009 Annual Report of the Presidents Cancer Panel, Reducing Environmental Cancer Risk, for example, highlighted evidence of widespread human exposure to industrial chemicals and the serious concern that environmentally induced cancer risks have been profoundly underestimated and under-documented. Yet, despite some new tools, such as human biomonitoring and the advancements in analytical chemistry, that can measure the chemical burden that individual bodies carry with increasing degrees of exactness and sophistication, the field of environmental exposure studies has not received anywhere near the level of investment given to other techniques. For example, public and private investment in the measurement and investigation of the relation between genomic connections and health outcomes outweighs investment in the development and use of environmental exposure technologies. This workshop is devoted to addressing the following questions: What counts as evidence when documenting environmental exposures? How can social scientists, engineers, and computer scientists collaborate to produce innovations in data collection and analysis? How can environmental exposures be made to matter in public policy? The workshop will bring together researchers from a diversity of disciplinary backgrounds and institutions to develop strategies for collecting and translating environmental exposure data into health and policy contexts. The workshop will draw on the expertise developed in fields such as sociology, science and technology studies, epidemiology, information systems, environmental engineering, and biosensors as well as tools for translation and contextualization. More data and/or new exposure technologies, however, do not necessarily result in meaningful knowledge. This workshop aims to foster collaboration across disciplines to ensure that efforts to develop new exposure technologies and methods benefit from input from a variety of fields.The workshop will have broad impact by producing a set of possible initiatives for collecting new data and making better use of existing environmental exposure data. The workshop will include graduate students as participants. Workshop findings will be distributed widely on the Chemical Heritage Foundation website and through print sources to ensure broad access.

每天，每个美国公民都会接触到她或他的环境中数量不详的天然和合成化学物质--通过我们呼吸的空气、我们吃的食物、我们喝的水以及我们日常生活中使用的消费品。大多数从事环境和公共卫生工作的研究人员现在认识到，这些日常暴露可能对我们整个生命过程的健康和福祉起着重要作用。例如，总统癌症小组2008-2009年年度报告--降低环境癌症风险--强调了人类广泛接触工业化学品的证据，并严重关切环境引起的癌症风险被严重低估和记录不足。然而，尽管一些新的工具，如人体生物监测和分析化学的进步，可以越来越准确和复杂地测量个体携带的化学负担，但环境暴露研究领域的投资远远不及其他技术的投资水平。例如，在衡量和调查基因组连接与健康结果之间的关系方面，公共和私人投资超过了对环境暴露技术的开发和使用的投资。这次研讨会致力于解决以下问题：在记录环境暴露时，什么被视为证据？社会科学家、工程师和计算机科学家如何协作，在数据收集和分析方面产生创新？如何使环境暴露在公共政策中发挥重要作用？讲习班将汇集来自不同学科背景和机构的研究人员，以制定收集环境暴露数据并将其转化为健康和政策背景的战略。讲习班将利用社会学、科学和技术研究、流行病学、信息系统、环境工程和生物传感器等领域发展起来的专门知识，以及翻译和语境工具。然而，更多的数据和/或新的曝光技术并不一定会产生有意义的知识。这次研讨会旨在促进各学科之间的合作，以确保开发新的暴露技术和方法的努力受益于来自不同领域的投入。研讨会将产生广泛的影响，提出一套收集新数据和更好地利用现有环境暴露数据的可能倡议。研讨会的参加者将包括研究生。讲习班的调查结果将在化学遗产基金会的网站上广泛分发，并通过印刷品来源广泛传播，以确保广泛获取。