RAPID: Collaborative Research: Using Lessons from the Disaster in Japan to Develop Communications for Emergency Situations

合作研究：利用日本灾难的经验教训发展紧急情况下的通信在灾害期间，电信基础设施通常严重受损或超载，这导致预警和救援行动严重中断。同样，日本蜂窝早期地震预警（EEW）系统的一部分在3月11日的地震和海啸中遭到破坏。本合作项目拟研究日本上次灾难期间紧急通信中断的情况，并研究相应的解决办法。具体而言，该项目有以下三个综合目标：1)研究日本蜂窝EEW系统及其在日本“3.11”地震中的应用；2)研究导致预警和救援行动中断的通信问题；3)探索无塔电话对电话直接通信模式，使蜂窝电话通信在灾害期间更具弹性。该项目支持收集有关日本通信中断的数据；处理此类数据以更好地了解电信故障的影响；最后，提出了利用自组织通信增强蜂窝系统的解决方案。该项目是美国pi、他们在日本大学的合作者和日本移动服务提供商之间的密切合作。该项目的结果将导致更深入地了解在设计美国及其他地区的蜂窝紧急广播系统时，鲁棒性、简单性、可扩展性、自组织和适应性之间的权衡。该项目的成果将对利用最新通信设备开发有效的紧急警报系统产生直接和实际的影响。

NSF: RAPID: Collaborative Research: Using Lessons from the Disaster in Japan to Develop Communications for Emergency SituationsDuring disasters, the telecommunication infrastructure are usually heavily damaged or overloaded, which leads to serious disruptions in the warning and rescue operations. Similarly, part of the Japanese cellular Early Earthquake Warning (EEW) system were damaged during the March 11th earthquake and tsunami. This collaborative project proposes to study the disruption of emergency communications during the last disaster in Japan and investigate corresponding solutions. In particular, the project has the following three integrated objectives: 1) To study the cellular EEW system of Japan and its use in the March 11th earthquake in Japan; 2) To study the communication problems that were encountered leading to disruptions in warning and rescue operations; and 3) To explore tower-less phone-to-phone direct communication mode that can make the cellular phone communications much more resilient during disasters. This project supports collection of data about communication disruptions in Japan; treatment of such data to better understand the impact of telecommunication failures; and finally, solutions how to enhance the cellular system with ad hoc communications. The project is a close collaboration among PIs inthe US, their collaborators in Japanese universities and cellular service providers in Japan. The outcome of this project will lead to a deeper understanding of tradeoffs among robustness, simplicity, scalability, self-organization and adaptivity in designing a cellular emergency broadcast system for USA and beyond. The results of this project will have a direct and practical impact on developing an effective emergency warning system using the latest communication devices.