PC3: Collaborative Research: Pervasive Computing for Disaster Response

这项研究的目的是发展以社区为基础的普及系统的关键组成部分，使公民能够对灾害作出反应。这些系统将利用分布在家庭和社区中的廉价联网传感器和通信设备。传感器/设备将通过使用容错和延迟网络，以及使用云计算和众包技术，收集态势信息并发布警报。在这一努力中的印美伙伴关系将在城市和农村景观独特的印度次大陆的背景下研究这些问题。将研究基于传感器的检测技术，以帮助识别事件，例如异常地面运动，并设计容错网络，将传感器系统连接在一起，并连接到资源丰富的云基础设施。将纳入在云中执行传感分析和数据融合的方法，以解决假阳性警报率、假阴性警报率和检测时间之间的权衡。现有的基础设施还将用于设计系统，以便通过多个网络向响应者和社区提供可操作的警报/信息。开发的基于社区的传感和警报技术将在加州大学洛杉矶分校/加州理工学院的校园试验台进行评估，最终在具有区域灾害管理经验的印度机构之一进行试点研究/演习。有效应对灾害是全球关注的问题，利用社区收集数据和发出警报的技术是一项有效战略，特别是在人口多样化、技术先进程度各异的国家。这项研究将使新兴市场的新一代基于社区的网络物理系统成为可能，在这些系统中，社区可以帮助检测、交流和响应快速发展的事件，如地震、海啸、火灾、洪水和流行病。不同层次的学生（研究生，本科生，K-12）将通过课程和独立学习项目获得在全球背景下开发实际应用的经验。学生将从接触下一代基于社区的网络物理系统技术中受益匪浅，这些技术将有助于为未来设计更安全的生活环境。

The objective of this research is to develop key components of community-based pervasive systems which will allow citizens to respond to disasters. The systems will make use of inexpensive networked sensors and communication devices distributed among families and communities. The sensors/devices will enable the collection of situational information and the dissemination of alerts, by use of fault and delay-tolerant networks, and through the use of Cloud computing and crowd sourcing techniques. The Indo-US partnership in this effort will study these issues in the context of the Indian subcontinent where urban and rural landscapes are unique.Sensor-based detection technologies will be studied to help identify events, e.g. abnormal ground motion, and fault-tolerant networks will be designed to connect the sensor systems together and to a resource-rich cloud infrastructure. Methods for performing sensing analysis and data fusion in the cloud will be incorporated so as to address tradeoffs among rates of false positive alarms, false negative alarms, and time to detection. The existing infrastructure will also be used to design systems for delivering actionable alerts/information to responders and communities using multiple networks. The community-based sensing and alerting techniques developed will be evaluated in campus testbeds at UCI/Caltech, culminating in a pilot study/drill at one of the Indian institutions with regional experience in disaster management. Dealing with disasters effectively is a global concern and techniques to leverage communities for data collection and alerting is an effective strategy, especially in nations with diverse populations with varying degrees of technological sophistication. The research will enable a new generation of community-based cyber-physical systems in emerging markets, in which the community helps to detect, communicate and respond to rapidly evolving events such as earthquakes, tsunamis, fires, floods and epidemics. Students at different levels (graduate, undergraduate, K-12) will gain experience with developing real-world applications in a global context via courses and independent study projects. Students will benefit tremendously from exposure to the next generation of community-based cyber-physical systems technologies that will help design safer living environments for the future,