Collaborative Research: Imaging the Beginning of Time from the South Pole: Observations with the Full SPUD Array
合作研究:从南极想象时间的开始:用完整的 SPUD 阵列进行观测
基本信息
- 批准号:1145143
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 126.11万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2012
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2012-08-01 至 2017-07-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
There is mounting evidence that the entire observable Universe was spawned in a dramatic superluminal "Inflation" of a subnuclear volume. This violent acceleration of matter would have produced a Cosmic Gravitational-wave Background (CGB), the amplitude of which measures the energy scale at which Inflation occurred. The CGB imprints a faint signature in the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) with the amplitude parameterized by the ratio of tensor-to-scalar modes, r = T/S. Many theoretically favored models of Inflation produce this ratio between 0.01 and 0.1, corresponding to average amplitude from 30 to 100 nanoKelvins for the resulting CMB B-mode polarization patterns where they peak on scales of degrees. With this award, researchers from three U.S. institutions will focus on exploring and ultimately detecting the CGB polarization signature, which is arguably the most important goal in cosmology today. In 2005, the Community Task Force on CMB Research identified a target sensitivity of that ratio equaling to 0.02 as an immediate goal to detect the Inflationary gravitational waves imprint in the CMB polarization that pertain to the standard cosmological model. The newly installed 'Small Polarimeter Upgrades for DASI' (SPUD) reconfigured a five- receivers telescope to the "South Pole Inflationary Cosmology Experiment" (SPICE) that will: (a) Complete the CGB search in CMB B-mode polarization at 150 GHz, reaching depths which based on current sensitivity performance, that will detect the Inflationary CGB for r 0.02; (b) Prove that this signal is cosmic in origin while separately measuring the Galactic foreground contamination at its minimum; (c) Detect gravitational lensing of CMB polarization on scales of ~1 degree, probing the CGB to the lensing confusion limit for degree-scale observations (r 0.01) if the energy scale of Inflation is low; and (d) Surpass the instrumental sensitivity goals set forth for 2013 by the 2005 CMB Task Force recommendations. Detection of the CGB waves would be to Inflation what the discovery of the CMB radiation was to the Big Bang theory. Indeed, its impact may be even broader as nuclear physics had matured enough prior to the establishment of the "hot" Big Bang model, while Inflation directly bears on the current frontiers of fundamental physics: the union of general relativity and quantum mechanics, string theory, and the highest accessible energies. Cosmology and research in Antarctica both capture the public imagination, making this combination a remarkably effective vehicle for stimulating interest in science and train students.
越来越多的证据表明,整个可观测宇宙都是在亚核体积的超光速“暴胀”中产生的。这种物质的剧烈加速会产生宇宙引力波背景波(CGB),其振幅可以衡量暴胀发生时的能量尺度。CGB在宇宙微波背景(CMB)的偏振中留下了微弱的信号,其振幅由张量与标量模式之比r = T/S参数化。许多理论上受欢迎的暴胀模型产生的这个比值在0.01到0.1之间,对应于所得到的CMB b模式偏振模式的平均振幅在30到100纳米开尔文之间,它们在度的尺度上达到峰值。有了这个奖项,来自美国三家机构的研究人员将专注于探索并最终探测CGB偏振特征,这可以说是当今宇宙学中最重要的目标。2005年,宇宙微波背景研究社区工作组(Community Task Force on CMB Research)确定了该比率的目标灵敏度为0.02,作为探测与标准宇宙模型相关的宇宙微波背景极化中的暴胀引力波印记的直接目标。新安装的“DASI小型偏振仪升级”(SPUD)将一个五接收器望远镜重新配置为“南极暴胀宇宙学实验”(SPICE),该实验将:(a)在150 GHz的CMB b模式偏振下完成CGB搜索,达到基于当前灵敏度性能的深度,将探测到r为0.02的暴胀CGB;(b)证明这个信号来自宇宙,同时分别测量银河系前景污染的最小值;(c)在~1度尺度上探测CMB偏振的引力透镜,如果暴胀的能量尺度较低,探测CGB到度尺度观测的透镜混淆极限(r 0.01);(d)超越2005年CMB工作组建议为2013年设定的仪器灵敏度目标。探测到CGB波对于暴胀论的意义,就像发现CMB辐射对于大爆炸理论的意义一样。事实上,它的影响可能会更广泛,因为核物理学在“热”大爆炸模型建立之前就已经足够成熟,而暴胀理论直接影响到当前基础物理学的前沿:广义相对论和量子力学的结合、弦理论和最高可达能量。宇宙学和南极洲的研究都抓住了公众的想象力,使这种结合成为激发科学兴趣和培养学生的非常有效的工具。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Clement Pryke其他文献
Clement Pryke的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Clement Pryke', 18)}}的其他基金
Collaborative Research: Imaging the Beginning of Time from the South Pole: Completing the BICEP Array Survey
合作研究:从南极想象时间的开始:完成 BICEP 阵列调查
- 批准号:
2220444 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 126.11万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Imaging the Beginning of Time from the South Pole: The next Stage of the BICEP Program
合作研究:想象从南极开始的时间:BICEP 计划的下一阶段
- 批准号:
1638970 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 126.11万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Science Observation with BICEP3 CMB Polarization Experiment
合作研究:利用 BICEP3 CMB 极化实验进行科学观察
- 批准号:
1313158 - 财政年份:2013
- 资助金额:
$ 126.11万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Proposal for a Meeting: "Astrophysics from the South Pole: Status and Future Prospects"
会议提案:“来自南极的天体物理学:现状和未来前景”
- 批准号:
1129379 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 126.11万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: BICEP2 and SPUD - A Search for Inflation with Degree-Scale Polarimetry from the South Pole
合作研究:BICEP2 和 SPUD - 利用南极度数尺度旋光测量来寻找通货膨胀
- 批准号:
1110087 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 126.11万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: BICEP2 and SPUD - A Search for Inflation with Degree-Scale Polarimetry from the South Pole
合作研究:BICEP2 和 SPUD - 利用南极度数尺度旋光测量来寻找通货膨胀
- 批准号:
0742592 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 126.11万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Analysis of data from the QUaD experiment
合作研究:QUaD 实验数据分析
- 批准号:
0739413 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 126.11万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Next Generation CMB Polarization Measurements with the QUaD Experiment
合作研究:使用 QUaD 实验进行下一代 CMB 偏振测量
- 批准号:
0638532 - 财政年份:2007
- 资助金额:
$ 126.11万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Next Generation CMB Polarization Measurements with the QUEST Experiment on DASI
合作研究:使用 DASI 上的 QUEST 实验进行下一代 CMB 偏振测量
- 批准号:
0338238 - 财政年份:2004
- 资助金额:
$ 126.11万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
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