Physiological mechanisms of migratory traits

迁徙性状的生理机制

• 批准号: 1147289
• 负责人: Marilyn Ramenofsky
• 金额: $ 56.6万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-07-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1147289&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Physiological; mechanisms; migratory; traits

This proposal focuses on both spring and fall migrations of White-crowned Sparrows. The primary goal of this research is to determine the physiological mechanisms regulating migratory traits and the environmental signals birds rely upon for preparation and completion of each journey. Although spring and autumn migrations cover the same distance, all other facets of these trips are different and birds have evolved distinct strategies to complete each successfully. The underlying physiological bases have as yet to be rigorously investigated and the investigator posits that understanding these mechanisms is of growing concern as many migrant populations are declining rapidly owing to marked changes in the environment and loss of habitat. The proposed studies take advantage of two sub-species of White-crowned Sparrow, one that migrates long distances and one that no longer migrates and is resident. The investigator proposes to examine 1) the differences in muscle development and fat storage in the two subspecies as one prepares for spring migration and the other does not; 2) the different hormonal mechanisms involved in the spring and fall migrations, and 3) differences in preparation for the fall migration between young and adult birds. Results from this study may offer new insights into the mechanisms regulating migration while directing further investigations to define the cellular bases that influence the potential success or failure of a migratory population. The project would support a postdoctoral researcher, a graduate student and involve several undergraduate assistants. Outreach to the public would occur in California and Alaska through established collaborations between the investigator and the SLEWS (student and landowner education watershed stewardship) program associated with the Audubon Farm and Center for Land-based Learning and the Alaska Bird Observatory, respectively.

该提议着重于白冠麻雀的春季和秋季迁移。 这项研究的主要目的是确定调节迁移特征的生理机制，以及鸟类依靠的环境信号来准备和完成每一旅程。尽管春季和秋季的迁移涵盖了相同的距离，但这些旅行的所有其他方面都是不同的，鸟类已经发展出不同的策略以成功完成每个旅行。 基本的生理基础尚未进行严格的研究，研究人员认为，由于环境的明显变化和栖息地的丧失，许多移民人群正在迅速下降，因此了解这些机制越来越关注。拟议的研究利用了两种亚种的白冠麻雀，这是一项迁移的长距离，另一项迁移了，该杂物不再迁移并且是居民。研究者建议检查1）两个亚种的肌肉发育和脂肪储存的差异，因为一个人为春季迁移做准备，另一个则没有； 2）在春季和秋季迁移中涉及的不同激素机制，以及3）为年轻鸟类和成年鸟类之间的秋季迁移做准备的差异。这项研究的结果可能为调节迁移的机制提供了新的见解，同时指导进一步的研究来定义影响迁徙人群潜在成功或失败的细胞基础。该项目将支持博士后研究人员，研究生，并参与几位本科助理。通过调查员与谋杀（学生和土地所有者教育分水岭管理人员）之间的合作，将在加利福尼亚和阿拉斯加举行公众的宣传计划，分别与奥杜邦农场和土地式学习中心和阿拉斯加鸟类观测中心有关。