Räumlich-zeitlliche Verteilungsmuster von Plankton in Seen: Abiotische Störungen und organische Interkationen mit dem besonderem Fokus auf Planktothrix rubescens

湖泊中浮游生物的时空分布模式：非生物干扰和有机相互作用，特别关注冬凌草浮丝菌

• 批准号: 203256723
• 负责人: Dr. Hilmar Hofmann
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Limnologisches Institut
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2010-12-31 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/203256723?language=en
• 关键词: umlich; zeitlliche; Verteilungsmuster; von; Plankton

The aim of the project is to investigate the role of physical forcing, resource availability, and organismic interactions for the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of plankton in lakes. The research is focused on the distribution patterns of the buoyant cyano bacterium Planklothrix rubescens in Lake Ammer and compares the abundance of P. rubescens with the temporal and spatial variability of abiotic conditions and of phyto- and zooplankton. The main hypotheses are that (1) transport by internal wave motions has a substantial influence on the horizontal distribution patterns of P. rubescens and also affects the distribution of other phyto- and zooplankton; (2) vertical water column motions associated with internal waves cause fluctuations in the vertical layering of P. rubescens and thus alters its competitive abilities; (3) horizontal differences in habitat conditions, i.e. limited vertical water column depth in bays and resource gradients near river inflows, result in longer-term characteristic horizontal distribution patterns of P. rubescens and other plankton; (4) layers of toxic P. rubescens may interfere with the vertical migration of zooplankton. These research questions will be addressed in extensive field experiments measuring horizontal and vertical distribution patterns of plankton and abiotic conditions at temporal scales ranging from minutes to several weeks. In-situ measuring techniques for plankton and abiotic parameters, providing sufficient teniporal and spatial resolution, will be combined with water sample analyses to support them. The distribution of P. rubescens will be measured by using our newly developed in-situ technique that combines information from optic and acoustic instruments. The field experiments will be complemented with 3D and 1D model approaches. The intension of the modeling work is to support the interpretation of the field data by performing numerical experiments that investigate the response of horizontal distribution patterns of P. rubescens to physical forcing, patchy nutrient distribution (e.g. river inflow) or the presence of a shallow bay and by studying the implications of water column depth, internal wave induced fluctuations in light intensity, and grazing for the layering of p. rubescens in a vertical water column.

该项目的目的是调查物理强迫的作用，资源的可用性，以及浮游生物在湖泊中的时空分布格局的有机体相互作用。这项研究的重点是浮游氰基细菌Planklothrix rubescens在阿默尔湖的分布模式，并比较了P. rubescens的丰度与非生物条件和浮游植物和浮游动物的时空变异。主要的假设是：（1）内波运动对赤潮藻的水平分布格局有重要影响，并影响其它浮游植物和浮游动物的分布：（2）内波引起的垂直水柱运动引起赤潮藻垂直分层的波动，从而改变其竞争能力;（3）生境条件的水平差异，如海湾有限的垂直水柱深度和河流入流附近的资源梯度，导致了赤潮藻和其他浮游生物较长期的特征性水平分布格局;（4）有毒赤潮藻层可能干扰浮游动物的垂直迁移。这些研究问题将在广泛的实地实验中解决，测量浮游生物和非生物条件的水平和垂直分布模式，时间尺度从几分钟到几周不等。浮游生物和非生物参数的现场测量技术提供了足够的时间和空间分辨率，将与水样分析相结合，以支持这些技术。我们将利用我们新开发的结合光学和声学仪器信息的原位技术来测量P. rubescens的分布。现场实验将辅以3D和1D模型方法。模拟工作的目的是通过数值试验研究冬凌草水平分布格局对物理强迫、营养盐斑块分布的响应，为野外数据的解释提供支持（例如河流流入）或浅湾的存在，并通过研究水柱深度的影响，内波引起的光强度波动，和放牧，使冬凌草在垂直水柱中分层。