Collaborative Research: High Precision 40Ar/39Ar Geochronology and Paleomagnetism to Determine the History and Consequences of Louisville Mantle Plume Motion

合作研究：高精度 40Ar/39Ar 地质年代学和古地磁学以确定路易斯维尔地幔柱运动的历史和后果

• 批准号: 1154675
• 负责人: Jeffrey Gee
• 金额: $ 14.07万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-04-01 至 2016-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1154675&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Precision; 40Ar; 39Ar

A major outstanding question in geodynamics is whether primary hotspots in the Pacific, like the Hawaiian and Louisville hotspots, experienced similar amounts of plume motion or whether they moved independently. In December 2010 IODP Expedition 330 to the Louisville seamount trail set out to answer this critical question. Preliminary shipboard paleomagnetic data (although based upon limited shipboard sampling) clearly show the Louisville hotspot did not experience the same large 15° shift in paleolatitude as recorded for the Hawaiian hotspot between 80 and 50 Ma. Critically, these shipboard data neither allow for estimates of the duration of volcanism at individual sites drilled nor for the inclination of many cooling units (about half have no data yet or only a single sample). As importantly, the abundance of (mostly submarine) volcaniclastic material recovered makes estimating the paleolatitudes less straightforward than for the sites on the Hawaii-Emperor trail, where a sequence of discrete (primarilythat might be expected to have random directions, instead have consistent inclinations that are similar to those of intercalated lava flows and therefore may provide valuable paleolatitude information. The proponents therefore propose additional 40 Ar/39 Ar age determinations, paleomagnetic and rock magnetic studies, and integration of additional shore-based and shipboard data (e.g. borehole magnetic anomalies) that will allow the to address the following questions: 1. How long did it take to build the volcanic sequences drilled during Expedition 330 and are these intervals (and associated quiescence periods) long enough to average out secular variation?2. Do Louisville seamounts have post-erosional volcanism and if so what is its duration?3. What is the origin of consistent inclinations in some volcaniclastic units and do these provide a time-averaged remanence that can improve paleolatitude estimates?4. Are the inclination data from the Louisville seamounts sufficiently similar to provide a robust paleolatitude from pooled data?5. Can we use the ages and paleolatitude history of the Louisville hotspot to improve absolute plate motion models for Pacific plate? The results of this study will allow the proponents to (1) provide the most accurate and precise age framework for volcanic activity along the Louisville seamount trail, (2) to significantly reduce on the uncertainties in paleolatitude estimates, and (3) help to improve absolute plate motion model for the Pacific Plate taking into account the (lack of) motion of the individual Hawaiian and Louisville hotspots.Broader Impact and Educational Outreach: The proposed project is part of an international collaborative effort in support of the science objectives of IODP Expedition 330 to the Louisville Seamount Trail. The proponents are collaborating with eight international researchers from Japan, UK and Australia, with whom they will generate as complete as possible and much needed high-precision 40 Ar/39 Ar and paleomagnetic data sets. The Proponents will coordinate this concerted effort over the two years of our project, with the ultimate goal to delineate the most accurate paleolatitude and age history for the Louisville hotspot. They also will organize a series of outreach activities, including expanding the Expedition 330 website started by Koppers by adding scientific products and data sets resulting from this project and by linking these in with the online Seamount Catalog and MagIC. This work will be part of the Ph.D.thesis of two students at OSU and SIO.

地球动力学中一个主要的悬而未决的问题是，太平洋的主要热点，如夏威夷和路易斯维尔热点，是否经历了类似数量的羽流运动，或者它们是否独立移动。 2010 年 12 月，IODP 第 330 号探险队前往路易斯维尔海山小道，着手回答这个关键问题。初步的船上古地磁数据（尽管基于有限的船上采样）清楚地表明，路易斯维尔热点并没有经历与夏威夷热点在 80 到 50 Ma 之间记录的同样大的 15° 古纬度变化。 至关重要的是，这些船上数据既不能估计各个钻探地点的火山活动持续时间，也不能估计许多冷却装置的倾斜度（大约一半的数据还没有数据或只有一个样本）。同样重要的是，回收的大量（主要是海底）火山碎屑物质使得估计古纬度不像夏威夷-皇帝小道上的地点那么简单，在夏威夷-皇帝小道上，一系列离散的（主要可能预期具有随机方向，而不是具有与夹层熔岩流相似的一致倾角，因此可能提供有价值的古纬度信息。因此，支持者提出了额外的 40 个 Ar/39 Ar 年龄测定、古地磁和岩石磁性研究以及附加岸基和船上数据（例如钻孔磁异常）的整合将有助于解决以下问题： 1. 建立第 330 次探险期间钻探的火山序列需要多长时间？这些间隔（以及相关的静止期）是否足够长以平均长期变化？2.路易斯维尔海山有后侵蚀吗 火山活动，如果有的话，其持续时间是多少？3.某些火山碎屑单元中一致倾斜的起源是什么？这些是否提供了可以改进古纬度估计的时间平均剩磁？4。路易斯维尔海山的倾角数据是否足够相似，可以根据汇总数据提供可靠的古纬度？5。我们能否利用路易斯维尔热点的年龄和古纬度历史来改善绝对板块运动 太平洋板块的型号？这项研究的结果将使支持者能够（1）为路易斯维尔海山小道沿线的火山活动提供最准确和精确的年龄框架，（2）显着减少古纬度估计的不确定性，（3）考虑到夏威夷和路易斯维尔各个热点（缺乏）运动，有助于改进太平洋板块的绝对板块运动模型。更广泛的影响和教育推广： 拟议项目是国际合作努力的一部分，旨在支持 IODP 330 号路易斯维尔海山小道探险队的科学目标。支持者正在与来自日本、英国和澳大利亚的八名国际研究人员合作，他们将与他们一起生成尽可能完整且急需的高精度 40 Ar/39 Ar 和古地磁数据集。支持者将在我们项目的两年内协调一致的努力，最终目标是 描绘路易斯维尔热点最准确的古纬度和年龄历史。他们还将组织一系列外展活动，包括通过添加该项目产生的科学产品和数据集并将其与在线海山目录和 MagIC 链接来扩展 Koppers 发起的 Expedition 330 网站。这项工作将成为 OSU 和 SIO 两名学生博士论文的一部分。