FRG:Collaborative Research: Chemically-active Viscoelastic Mixture Models in Physiology: Formulation, Analysis, and Computation

FRG：合作研究：生理学中的化学活性粘弹性混合物模型：公式、分析和计算

• 批准号: 1160438
• 负责人: Robert Guy
• 金额: $ 31.09万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-15 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1160438&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: FRG; Collaborative; Research; Chemically; active

This project concerns development and analysis of mathematical models of several complex biological processes, each with major importance to the fundamental and health sciences: cellular blebbing and its role in cellular locomotion through extracellular matrix, platelet deposition and fibrin gelation in arterial blood clotting, mucin secretion and its role in acid transport in the stomach, protein sorting and trafficking by the Golgi apparatus. Although the details of the biology of these processes are vastly different, a common theme is that each involves a complex viscoelastic material mixture whose behavior is determined by the dynamic interplay of mechanics, flow, physical structure, and chemistry. The mathematical description of these processes requires equations describing multiphase flow, the evolution of composition, structure and chemistry, and the relationship between stresses and composition/structure. The solution and analysis of sophisticated models that combine these elements will pose substantial mathematical and computational challenges. To meet these challenges, the investigators will develop and apply advanced numerical algorithms to gain fundamental insights into the mechanisms of function of these important physiological processes. This work will lead to novel and important advances in understanding the essential role of the mechanics and dynamics of complex materials in the function of biological systems. This, in turn, will support improved diagnosis and treatment of a range of serious medical disorders including coronary artery disease, cancer, and metabolic disease. The work will also lead to better understanding of complex materials in general and contribute to the design of novel new materials for meeting pressing technological challenges. Furthermore, the design of new computational algorithms will lead to new capabilities in the use of high-performance computing in science and engineering. The highly interdisciplinary nature of the project will provide many opportunities for training young scientists in the new multi-disciplinary approach to science.Many important physiological processes involve interactions between materials of different types (for example, water and cells or water and polymer gels) and which move relative to one another. The physical interactions between the materials can be strongly influenced by chemical reactions, and the chemical reactions in turn are influenced by the materials' motion and other interactions. Better insight into how such complex systems work and are regulated is critical to understanding these important processes and how they can be manipulated to improve human health. Because these processes are governed by physical and chemical principles and properties, and because these principles and properties can be expressed mathematically, mathematical tools can be brought to bear on these problems. Through mathematical analysis and computational simulations, new insights into the materials' behavior can be developed and a wealth of data can be obtained that complements the data obtainable from traditional laboratory experiments. Hence the combination of mathematical and experimental investigators brought together in this project is expected to lead to significant new insights in important physiological and pathological situations including blood clotting, metabolism, and cancer metastasis. Further the mathematics and computational tools developed in the project will impact the development of non-biological complex materials to meet pressing technological challenges.

该项目涉及几个复杂生物过程的数学模型的开发和分析，每个过程对基础科学和健康科学都具有重要意义：细胞起泡及其在细胞运动中通过细胞外基质的作用，血小板沉积和动脉血凝中的纤维蛋白凝胶化，粘蛋白分泌及其在胃中酸运输中的作用，高尔基体的蛋白质分选和运输。 虽然这些过程的生物学细节有很大的不同，但一个共同的主题是，每个过程都涉及复杂的粘弹性材料混合物，其行为由力学，流动，物理结构和化学的动态相互作用决定。 这些过程的数学描述需要描述多相流的方程，组成，结构和化学的演变，以及应力和组成/结构之间的关系。 解决和分析复杂的模型，联合收割机这些元素将构成重大的数学和计算的挑战。 为了应对这些挑战，研究人员将开发和应用先进的数值算法，以获得对这些重要生理过程的功能机制的基本见解。 这项工作将导致新的和重要的进展，在理解生物系统的功能中的复杂材料的力学和动力学的重要作用。 反过来，这将有助于改善对一系列严重医学疾病的诊断和治疗，包括冠状动脉疾病，癌症和代谢疾病。 这项工作还将有助于更好地理解复杂材料，并有助于设计新颖的新材料，以应对紧迫的技术挑战。 此外，新的计算算法的设计将导致在科学和工程中使用高性能计算的新能力。 该项目的高度跨学科性质将为培训年轻科学家掌握新的多学科科学方法提供许多机会，许多重要的生理过程涉及不同类型的物质（例如，水和细胞或水和聚合物凝胶）之间的相互作用，这些物质相互之间相对运动。 材料之间的物理相互作用可以受到化学反应的强烈影响，而化学反应又受到材料运动和其他相互作用的影响。 更好地了解这些复杂系统的工作方式和监管方式对于理解这些重要过程以及如何操纵它们以改善人类健康至关重要。 由于这些过程受物理和化学原理和性质的支配，而且这些原理和性质可以用数学表示，因此可以用数学工具来解决这些问题。通过数学分析和计算机模拟，可以对材料的行为产生新的见解，并获得丰富的数据，补充传统实验室实验获得的数据。 因此，数学和实验研究人员在这个项目中的结合，预计将导致在重要的生理和病理情况，包括血液凝固，代谢和癌症转移显着的新见解。 此外，该项目中开发的数学和计算工具将影响非生物复杂材料的开发，以应对紧迫的技术挑战。