Strongly-Coupled Dusty Plasmas

强耦合尘埃等离子体

• 批准号: 1162645
• 负责人: John Goree
• 金额: $ 72万
• 依托单位: University of Iowa
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-15 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1162645&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Strongly; Coupled; Dusty; Plasmas

This project is a fundamental experimental study of waves, transport, nonequilibrium fluctuations, and viscoelastic behavior in strongly coupled dusty plasmas. Strongly coupled plasmas are ionized gases in which the interparticle potential energy is greater than the particle kinetic energy. They behave like a crystal or liquid, unlike the more familiar weakly coupled plasmas, which behave like a gas. A dusty plasma is a four-component mixture of micron-size particles of solid matter, electrons, ions, and neutral gas. The solid particles become charged due to collecting electrons and ions. The electric field in a plasma sheath can levitate these charged particles against gravity, allowing the confinement of 1D, 2D or 3D clouds of particles. A particle's charge is large, typically Q = -10,000 electronic charges, so that pairs of particles have a large interparticle repulsion. The large potential energy of this repulsion, together with a cooling of particles by gas drag, lead to strong coupling among the particles. By tailoring the manipulation and confinement of the particles, experiments are performed to study a variety of physical phenomena in statistical mechanics, transport and nonlinear waves. The broader impact of this project includes: cross-cutting research topics of interest to a wide range of physics disciplines, outreach, training of graduate and undergraduate students, and broad dissemination of results.

本计画是一项关于强耦合尘埃电浆中的波动、输运、非平衡涨落与黏弹性行为的基础性实验研究。强耦合等离子体是粒子间势能大于粒子动能的电离气体。它们的行为像晶体或液体，而不像我们更熟悉的弱耦合等离子体，它们的行为像气体。尘埃等离子体是由固体物质、电子、离子和中性气体的微米级颗粒组成的四种成分的混合物。固体颗粒由于收集电子和离子而带电。等离子体鞘层中的电场可以使这些带电粒子克服重力悬浮，从而限制1D、2D或3D粒子云。粒子的电荷很大，通常Q =-10，000电子电荷，因此粒子对具有大的粒子间排斥力。这种斥力的大势能，加上气体阻力对粒子的冷却，导致粒子之间的强耦合。通过调整粒子的操纵和约束，进行实验来研究统计力学，运输和非线性波中的各种物理现象。该项目的更广泛的影响包括：广泛的物理学科感兴趣的交叉研究课题，推广，研究生和本科生的培训，以及广泛传播的结果。