Tracing the impact of the Andean uplift - Evolution of St. John's wort (Hypericum L.) in South America: historical biogeography, character evolution, niche shifts and age estimations

追踪安第斯隆起的影响 - 南美洲圣约翰草 (Hypericum L.) 的进化：历史生物地理学、性状进化、生态位变化和年龄估计

• 批准号: 206417977
• 负责人: Dr. Nicolai M. Nürk
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Colciencias
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2011-12-31 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/206417977?language=en
• 关键词: Tracing; impact; Andean; uplift; Evolution

Changing environments have always been a driving force of evolution. In the South American mountain ranges, an extraordinary high diversity of flowering plant species has evolved since the northern Andean Cordilleras have started to uplift 7-14 million years (Ma) ago. Several studies have shown the major impact ofthese mountain uplifts in the outstanding diversification of the Neotropical flora. The medicinally interesting genus Hypericum (St. John's wort, Hypericaceae) is an important member ofthe Andean vegetation at higher altitudes. With more than 25% of its species in these high altitude habitats, Hypericum has a main center of diversity in the Andes. Recent phylogenetic studies in Hypericum verified the Nootropic species as a monophyletic group. Further insights into the evolutionary history of the Nootropic Hypericum species is limited by low sample availability and lack of detailed field observations. Based on the newly obtained samples a nested DNA-based phylogenetic analysis will be performed. The obtained results will give detailed insights into biogeography of South American Hypericum. This in turn, will be used to trace ecological shifts and the influence of repeated climate changes on evolution within Hypericum in this area. The investigation will significantly contribute to our understanding of the evolutionary history of habitats in the Andes in general and mechanisms influencing plant diversity on a global scale.

不断变化的环境一直是进化的驱动力。在南美洲山脉，自北方安第斯山脉在700万至1400万年前开始隆起以来，开花植物物种的多样性已经发展到了惊人的高度。几项研究表明，这些山脉的隆起对新热带区植物群的显著多样化产生了重大影响。金丝桃属（Hypericum，圣约翰草，金丝桃科）是安第斯山脉高海拔地区重要的植物。超过25%的金丝桃属植物在这些高海拔的栖息地，在安第斯山脉有一个主要的多样性中心。最近的系统发育研究证实了金丝桃属促智种是一个单系群。对促智金丝桃属物种进化历史的进一步了解受到样品可用性低和缺乏详细实地观察的限制。基于新获得的样本，将进行基于巢式DNA的系统发育分析。所获得的结果将提供详细的见解南美金丝桃属植物的植物地理。反过来，这将被用来跟踪生态变化和反复的气候变化对金丝桃属在该地区的演变的影响。这项调查将大大有助于我们了解安第斯山脉生境的演变历史，以及在全球范围内影响植物多样性的机制。