Pan-STARRS1: Operations; Public Data Release; Education and Outreach

AST-1238877全景巡天望远镜和快速反应系统是夏威夷大学天文研究所(IFA)开发的一种创新的广域成像设备。第一台望远镜泛星1或PS1于2010年5月开始全面运行。运行PS1系统包括管理天文台、望远镜及其照相机、图像处理管道、关系数据库和简化科学产品的服务器。PS1调查包括五项具体研究，涵盖广泛的天文学问题：1)对赤经以北的整个天空进行约30,000平方度的调查-30度，2)在高星系纬度的已有研究领域进行约70平方度的中等深度调查，3)为发现近地天体和柯伊伯带天体而优化的太阳系黄道面调查，4)朝向银河系隆起的恒星凌日调查，以及5)对仙女座星系(M31)的深度调查，以探测微透镜事件。PS1测量将以更好的图像质量、深度和区域覆盖范围扩大斯隆数字天空测量(SDSS)的科学影响，并将开启时域天文学，使之能够发现瞬变和可变现象。为了使PS1数据尽快公之于众，从而充分发挥其科学潜力，空间望远镜科学研究所(STScI)将建立和支持一个可为整个天文学团体服务的PS1数据产品档案。该奖项支持PS1项目的三项主要活动：1)完成PS1项目的最后四个月的业务并完成调查；2)用最后的天体测量参考目录和最佳(“UBER”)光度校准重新减少整个PS1数据集；以及3)使STSCI的PS1档案能够服务于校准的图像数据，以及所有探测和约300亿个天文物体的数据库。向天文和外展界提供PS1数据产品的影响怎么强调都不为过。在PS1勘测区内观测的任何望远镜上的任何天文成像方案的视场内，仅光度学数据就将提供高质量的标准参考。SDSS的影响是巨大的：可以肯定的是，由于PS1具有更好的空间分辨率和深度、更广和更深的组成部分以及能够进入时间域，因此可以有信心地预计PS1将更加重要。

AST-1238877The Panoramic Survey Telescope & Rapid Response System (Pan-STARRS) is an innovative wide-field imaging facility developed at the University of Hawaii's Institute for Astronomy (IfA). The first telescope, Pan-STARRS1 or PS1, began full operations in May of 2010. Operating the PS1 System includes managing the observatory, the telescope and its camera, an image processing pipeline, a relational database, and servers for the reduced science products. The PS1 Surveys include five specific studies covering a wide range of astronomical problems: 1) a ~30,000 square degree survey of the entire sky north of declination -30 degrees, 2) a medium deep survey of some 70 square degrees in well-studied fields at high galactic latitude, 3) a solar system ecliptic plane survey optimized for the discovery of Near Earth Objects and Kuiper Belt Objects, 4) a stellar transit survey towards the Galactic bulge, and 5) a deep survey of the Andromeda galaxy (M31) to detect microlensing events. The PS1 Surveys will extend the scientific impact of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) with better image quality, depth, and area coverage, and will open up time-domain astronomy to enable the discovery of transient and variable phenomena. In order to make the PS1 data public and accessible as soon as possible and thus fully to exploit their scientific potential, the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) will create and support an archive of the PS1 data products that can serve the entire astronomical community.This award supports three primary activities for the PS1 project: 1) finish the last four months of PS1 operations and complete the survey; 2) re-reduce the entire PS1 data set with a final astrometric reference catalog and the best ("uber") photometric calibration; and 3) enable a PS1 archive at STScI capable of serving the calibrated image data as well as a database of all detections and ~30 billion astronomical objects. The impact of making the PS1 data products available to the astronomical and outreach communities cannot be overstated. The photometric data alone will provide a high quality standard reference within the field of view of any astronomical imaging program on any telescope observing within the PS1 survey region. The impact of SDSS has been enormous: PS1 can confidently be expected to be even more significant, due to its better spatial resolution and depth, wider and deeper components, and access to the time domain.