Collaborative Research: POLENET-Antarctica: Investigating Links Between Geodynamics and Ice Sheets - Phase 2

知识价值：ppi建议继续并扩大ANET-POLENET第2阶段的GPS和地震，以促进对地球动力过程及其对南极西部冰盖影响的理解。ANET-POLENET科学主题包括：1)确定末次盛冰期以来的冰质量变化，包括现代冰质量平衡；2)固体地球对冰盖动力学的影响；3)南极洲西部的构造演化及其与冰盖演化的反馈。与英国和意大利合作伙伴合作部署的9个新的远程连续GPS站将增强第一阶段部署的ANET-POLENET仪器。选址旨在更好地约束GIA模型预测的隆起中心，并由第一阶段的结果表明。ANET-POLENET第二阶段以第一阶段的科学、技术和后勤成果为基础，包括：1)地壳和地幔结构的地震图像，解决了南极岩石圈和下地幔高度非均匀的热和黏度结构；2)新发现的板内冰川、火山和构造造震过程；3)改进板内垂直和水平地壳运动估计，改进南极GPS参考框架；4)阐明了地球结构侧向变化对冰川均衡调整引起的地壳运动的控制作用。pi提出了一个名义上的计划，在项目的最后两年将ANET减少大约一半，以实现更长期的社区“骨干网”。更广泛的影响：利用原位GPS和地震学研究监测和了解南极冰盖的质量变化和动态行为，将有助于提高对南极冰盖如何应对全球变暖的认识，以及这种反应将如何影响海平面和其他全球变化。由ANET-POLENET主干网收集的地震和大地测量数据对科学界是公开的。ANET-POLENET在开发和实现技术和后勤创新方面是不可或缺的，可以在遥远的极地站点全年运行仪器，有助于推进极地地区的科学和地理广泛研究。ANET-POLENET小组将建立一个培训倡议，指导年轻的极地科学家进行复杂的、多学科的和国际合作研究。ANET-POLENET将通过polenet.org网站、大学讲座和K-12学校访问，继续向公众广泛宣传极地科学。这项研究涉及多个国际合作伙伴。

Intellectual Merit: The PIs propose to continue and expand GPS and seismic for ANET-POLENET Phase 2 to advance understanding of geodynamic processes and their influence on the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. ANET-POLENET science themes include: 1) determining ice mass change since the last glacial maximum, including modern ice mass balance; 2) solid earth influence on ice sheet dynamics; and 3) tectonic evolution of West Antarctica and feedbacks with ice sheet evolution. Nine new remote continuous GPS stations, to be deployed in collaboration with U.K. and Italian partners, will augment ANET-POLENET instrumentation deployed during Phase 1. Siting is designed to better constrain uplift centers predicted by GIA models and indicated by Phase 1 results. ANET-POLENET Phase 2 builds on Phase 1 scientific, technological, and logistical achievements including 1) seismic images of crust and mantle structure that resolve the highly heterogeneous thermal and viscosity structure of the Antarctic lithosphere and underlying mantle; 2) newly identified intraplate glacial, volcanic, and tectonic seismogenic processes; 3) improved estimates of intraplate vertical and horizontal crustal motions and refinement of the Antarctic GPS reference frame; and 4) elucidation of controls on glacial isostatic adjustment-induced crustal motions due to laterally varying earth structure. The PIs present a nominal plan to reduce ANET by approximately half to a longer-term community "backbone network" in the final 2 years of this project. Broader impacts: Monitoring and understanding mass change and dynamic behavior of the Antarctic ice sheet using in situ GPS and seismological studies will help improve understanding of how Antarctic ice sheets respond to a warming world and how will this response impacts sea-level and other global changes. Seismic and geodetic data collected by the backbone ANET-POLENET network are openly available to the scientific community. ANET-POLENET is integral in the development and realization of technological and logistical innovations for year-round operation of instrumentation at remote polar sites, helping to advance scientifically and geographically broad studies of the polar regions. The ANET-POLENET team will establish a training initiative to mentor young polar scientists in complex, multidisciplinary and internationally collaborative research. ANET-POLENET will continue the broad public outreach to the public about polar science through the polenet.org website, university lectures, and K-12 school visits. This research involves multiple international partners.