RAPID/Collaborative Research: Wave and Surge Structural Damage to Shorefront Residential Properties from Hurricane Sandy

该合作快速响应研究基金（Rapid）项目将收集2012年10月29日登陆的飓风桑迪造成的易腐损失数据。这是一场非常大的风暴（根据美国国家海洋和大气管理局的数据，直径近800英里），影响了纽约（长岛和纽约大都会区）和新泽西州的大片海岸线。根据其风速，该风暴被判定为1级。然而，由于它的大小和恰逢月球高潮，它产生了高风暴潮。由于浪涌和海浪的冲击力，沿海地区受到了严重的破坏。沿海地区的住宅建筑受到严重破坏。该合作项目将收集以新泽西州沿海地区为重点的受损住宅建筑的现场数据。收集数据的两个主要目标是：(1)收集有关住宅建筑损坏水平、破坏模式和建筑特征（立面、特定连接/构件失效、年龄）的易损数据；(2)寻找损伤梯度，并识别和量化其原因。小型小组将评估和记录选定区域内每个住宅的数据。所采集的数据将包括位置、海拔、房屋类型和大小、大致年龄、大规模风暴侵蚀/增生、当地规模的基础冲刷、大致水线、风/浪的可见损坏、损坏级别、损坏/破坏模式、特定连接和构件损坏以及环境暴露（隐藏在建筑物/沙丘后面，向海开放）。每栋房子将从多个角度拍摄大量带有gps标签的照片。将有3-4个小组，每个小组2人，对400-600个房屋进行数据库调查。这些损伤数据将用于未来开发抗风暴潮住宅结构的研究。

This Collaborative Rapid Response Research Grant (RAPID) project will collect perishable damage data caused by Hurricane Sandy that made landfall on October 29, 2012. It was a very large storm (almost 800 miles in diameter according to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) that affected large areas of coastlines of New York (Long Island and New York Metropolitan area) and New Jersey. The storm was judged to be Category 1 based on its wind speed. However, because of its size and coinciding with high lunar tide, it generated high storm surge. The coastline regions received serious damage by the flood due to surge and impact forces of waves. Residential structures along the coastlines sustained severe damage and destruction. This collaborative project will collect field data of damaged residential buildings focusing on the New Jersey coastal area. Two major goals for collection of data are: (1) to collect perishable data on residential building damage levels, failure modes, and building characteristics (elevation, specific connections/members failed, age); and (2) to find damage gradients, and to identify and quantify their causes. Small teams will evaluate and record data for every residence in the selected region. Data taken will include location, elevations, house type and size, approximate age, large scale storm erosion/accretion, local scale foundation scour, approximate waterlines, visible damage from wind/waves, damage levels, damage/failure modes, specific connection and member failures, and environmental exposure (sheltered behind buildings/dunes, open to sea). Numerous GPS-tagged pictures will be taken of each house from multiple angles. With 3-4 teams of 2 people each, 400-600 houses will be surveyed for the database. These damage data will be used in future research in developing storm surge resistant residential structures.