RAPID/Collaborative Research: Wave and Surge Structural Damage to Shorefront Residential Properties from Hurricane Sandy

这个合作快速反应研究资助(RAPID)项目将收集2012年10月29日登陆的飓风桑迪造成的易腐烂损失数据。这是一场非常大的风暴(根据美国国家海洋和大气管理局的数据，直径近800英里)，影响了纽约(长岛和纽约大都市区)和新泽西的大片海岸线。根据风速判断，此次风暴为1级。然而，由于它的规模和与月球高潮重合，它产生了高风暴潮。由于浪涌和冲击力的作用，海岸线地区遭受了严重的洪灾破坏。海岸线沿线的住宅建筑遭到严重破坏和破坏。该合作项目将收集以新泽西沿海地区为重点的受损住宅楼的现场数据。收集数据的两个主要目标是：(1)收集关于住宅建筑损坏程度、失效模式和建筑特征(标高、特定连接/构件失效、年限)的易腐烂数据；(2)寻找损坏梯度，并确定和量化其原因。小团队将评估并记录选定区域内每个住宅的数据。采集的数据将包括位置、海拔、房屋类型和大小、大约年龄、大规模风暴侵蚀/淤积、局部范围的地基冲刷、大约水线、风/浪造成的可见破坏、破坏程度、破坏/故障模式、具体连接和构件故障，以及环境暴露(遮挡在建筑物/沙丘后面，向海)。许多GPS标记的照片将从多个角度拍摄每座房子。数据库将由3-4个小组组成，每组2人，将对400-600套房屋进行调查。这些损伤数据将用于未来开发抗风暴潮住宅结构的研究。

This Collaborative Rapid Response Research Grant (RAPID) project will collect perishable damage data caused by Hurricane Sandy that made landfall on October 29, 2012. It was a very large storm (almost 800 miles in diameter according to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) that affected large areas of coastlines of New York (Long Island and New York Metropolitan area) and New Jersey. The storm was judged to be Category 1 based on its wind speed. However, because of its size and coinciding with high lunar tide, it generated high storm surge. The coastline regions received serious damage by the flood due to surge and impact forces of waves. Residential structures along the coastlines sustained severe damage and destruction. This collaborative project will collect field data of damaged residential buildings focusing on the New Jersey coastal area. Two major goals for collection of data are: (1) to collect perishable data on residential building damage levels, failure modes, and building characteristics (elevation, specific connections/members failed, age); and (2) to find damage gradients, and to identify and quantify their causes. Small teams will evaluate and record data for every residence in the selected region. Data taken will include location, elevations, house type and size, approximate age, large scale storm erosion/accretion, local scale foundation scour, approximate waterlines, visible damage from wind/waves, damage levels, damage/failure modes, specific connection and member failures, and environmental exposure (sheltered behind buildings/dunes, open to sea). Numerous GPS-tagged pictures will be taken of each house from multiple angles. With 3-4 teams of 2 people each, 400-600 houses will be surveyed for the database. These damage data will be used in future research in developing storm surge resistant residential structures.