Searching for Physics Beyond the Standard Model

该奖项资助了斯坦福大学教授彼得·W·格雷厄姆的研究活动。粒子物理标准模型取得了巨大的成功，但仍有许多问题没有得到解答。来自大型强子对撞机(LHC)的数据已经开始揭示TeV尺度的物理学，但仍有许多有待发现，包括暗物质的性质和等级问题的解决。格雷厄姆教授将计算最近大型强子对撞机结果对超越标准模型的良好动机的物理理论的影响，例如超对称性。预计该项目将导致发现可在大型强子对撞机上探测的新类型的实验信号，包括不同类型的位移顶点和分数带电粒子。此外，格雷厄姆教授还将设计一种新型暗物质探测器。虽然大量的实验正在寻找弱相互作用大质量粒子(WIMP)暗物质，但寻找同样动机良好的轴子暗物质是非常困难的，实际上，目前的实验仍然无法达到轴子暗物质所允许的大部分参数空间。格雷厄姆教授将提出轴子和轴子类粒子的新信号，包括时间振荡的核电偶极矩(EDM)，并将设计一种基于核磁共振技术的探测器来寻找这种振荡的EDM。该项目还将产生重大的更广泛的影响。格雷厄姆教授将积极参与科学教育，包括为本科生和研究生设计课程和课程。他还将大力参与K-12物理教育。格雷厄姆教授与当地几所公立小学建立了牢固的联系，并将积极致力于提高人们对物理学研究中现代主题的认识和理解。这包括直接教育学生和教师，在课堂上办实验室，参观现代物理实验室。格雷厄姆教授还将积极与研究生和博士后合作进行研究，培训他们成为理论粒子物理学家。他还将继续与物理学的其他子领域建立联系，包括天体物理、原子物理和凝聚态物理，使这些不同领域之间的合作更加紧密。

This award funds the research activities of Professor Peter W. Graham at Stanford University.The Standard Model of Particle Physics has been tremendously successful, yet leaves many questions unanswered. Data from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has begun to reveal the physics of the TeV scale but there is much still to be discovered, including the nature of dark matter and the resolution of the hierarchy problem. Professor Graham will calculate the consequences of recent LHC results for well-motivated theories of physics beyond the Standard Model, such as supersymmetry. It is anticipated that this project will lead to the discovery of new types of experimental signals that can be probed at the LHC, including different types of displaced vertices and fractionally charged particles. Additionally, Professor Graham will design a new type of dark-matter detector. While a large number of experiments are searching for Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) dark matter, it is very difficult to search for the equally well-motivated axion dark matter, and indeed most of the allowed parameter space for axion dark matter remains unreachable by current experiments. Professor Graham will propose new signals of axions and axion-like particles, including a time-oscillating nuclear electric dipole moment (EDM), and will design a detector based on nuclear magnetic resonance technology to search for this oscillating EDM. This project will also have significant broader impacts. Professor Graham will be actively involved in science education, including designing curricula and courses for undergraduate and graduate students. He will also have significant involvement with K-12 physics education. Professor Graham has developed strong connections with several local public elementary schools and will work actively on promoting awareness and understanding of modern topics in physics research. This includes directly educating the students and teachers, running labs in the classroom, and giving tours of modern physics laboratories. Professor Graham will also work actively with graduate students and postdocs on research, training them to become theoretical particle physicists. He will also continue to make connections with other subfields of physics, including astrophysics, atomic physics, and condensed-matter physics, bringing closer collaboration amongst these different fields.