Collaborative Research: Windows of Opportunity: Exploring the Controls on the Depths of Eruption-forming Silicic Magma Bodies Using Improved Thermodynamics and Dynamics Models

越来越多的证据表明硅质岩浆体？哪些因素会导致危险的火山爆发？是特有的，可能仅限于地壳的浅层。为何会是这样呢？是什么控制着火山喷发的深度？有可能从地壳更深的层面产生和喷发硅质岩浆吗？岩浆性质，如密度和粘度，如何与地壳性质，如刚性和弹性相互作用，最终控制岩浆喷发？这些问题是这个项目的科学动机的基础，该项目将通过开发源自物理和化学理论的理论模型来解决这些问题，以便预测火山喷发时地壳岩浆的行为。在这个项目中，合作小组将建立他们正在进行的开发热力学和流体动力学耦合模型的努力，并将这些模型应用于选定的自然系统。在他们之前的工作中，他们开发了一个改进的模型来执行硅质岩浆相关系的热力学计算，并通过将它们应用于几个自然系统，为耦合热力学和流体动力学模型奠定了基础。有了这个以成果为基础的续展奖，他们将扩展这些热力学模型，将二氧化碳和硫对流体相的影响包括在内，并将它们与岩浆和围岩的新的和现有的流体动力学模型完全耦合，从而允许对相变、岩浆动力学和围岩行为之间的相互作用进行严格的评估。它还计划将耦合模型用于几个硅质系统，包括毕晓普凝灰岩、桃泉凝灰岩、Oruanui凝灰岩和Cotopaxi火山。

A growing number of lines of evidence suggest that silicic magma bodies ? which give rise to hazardous explosive volcanic eruptions ? are characteristic and possibly restricted to shallow levels of the Earthh's crust. Why is this the case? What controls the depths from which eruptions emanate? Is it possible to generate and erupt silicic magma from deeper levels within the crust? How do magma properties, such as density and viscosity, interact with crustal properties, such as rigidity and elasticity, to ultimately control the eruption of magmas? These questions underlie the scientific motivation for this project that will address them by developing theoretical models derived from physical and chemical theory in order to predict the behavior of crustal magmas at the onset of volcanic eruption.In this project, the collaborative team will build upon their ongoing effort to develop coupled thermodynamics and fluid dynamics models, and to apply these models to selected natural systems. In their previous work, they developed an improved model to perform thermodynamic calculations of phase relations for silicic magmas and laid the foundation for coupling thermodynamics and fluid dynamics models by applying them to several natural systems. With this with this Accomplishment-based renewal award, they will expand these thermodynamic models to include the effects of carbon dioxide and sulfur on the fluid phase, and fully couple them with new and existing fluid dynamics models of both magmas and country-rocks, permitting rigorous evaluation of the interplay between phase change, magma dynamics, and country-rock behavior. It is also planned used the coupled models to several silicic systems including the Bishop Tuff, Peach Spring Tuff, Oruanui Tuff and Cotopaxi Volcano.