OCE-RIG: The impact of submesoscale processes on oligotrophic carbon cycling and the sensitivity of this interaction to climatically driven changes

OCE-RIG：亚中尺度过程对寡营养碳循环的影响以及这种相互作用对气候驱动变化的敏感性

• 批准号: 1323319
• 负责人: Naomi Levine
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: University of Southern California
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-01 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1323319&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: OCE; RIG; impact; submesoscale; processes

Overview: Anthropogenically induced warming has begun to change the global oceans and has the potential to alter the ocean carbon sink. Future changes in mixed layer depth and the delivery of nutrients into the surface ocean are hypothesized to be the primary processes that will impact primary production and carbon cycling in the ocean. Both of these processes are significantly impacted by submesoscale physical dynamics (1-10 km). However, current global climate models used to understand climate sensitivity do not resolve these important features, and so are missing a fundamental mechanism impacting ocean carbon cycling. In this project, the PI will develop a novel biogeochemical and ecosystem model that captures the impact of submesoscale processes on carbon cycling in a framework that is computationally tractable for large-scale simulations. The Spatially Heterogeneous Dynamic Plankton (SHiP) model will represent a distribution of resource environments at the subgridscale and will include five phytoplankton functional groups, as well as light, nitrogen, and phosphorus limitation on phytoplankton growth. This research will focus on two oligotrophic sites, the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Station (BATS) and the Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT). The SHiP model will be used to explore the impact of the observed submesoscale dynamics captured by the APEX/ISUS profiling nitrate floats on primary production, species dynamics, and carbon export flux. A suite of model simulations will also be conducted to investigate the sensitivity of carbon cycling at BATS and HOT to changes in the frequency and intensity of submesoscale front formation, such as might occur under future climate scenarios. Finally, the measurement-driven SHiP simulations will be compared against an idealized Regional Ocean Modeling System simulation that explicitly resolves submesoscale dynamics.Intellectual Merit: Submesoscale processes have been shown to have a significant impact on ocean physics, however, the role that these processes play in carbon cycling remains unknown. This study will provide an observation-based analysis of the impact of submesoscale features on community composition and function in oligotrophic gyres and the sensitivity of this interaction to climatically driven changes. In addition, this work will validate a novel approach for mechanistically incorporating the impact of submesoscale dynamics into coarse-resolution models. This research will provide a computationally tractable framework for exploring the impact of changes in climate on global carbon cycling while including the impact of submesoscale processes. Broader Impacts: The investigator and students associated with this project will collaborate with the Neighborhood Academic Initiative (NAI) at USC to develop an ocean sciences module including a field trip on an oceanographic research vessel. The NAI strives to improve high school graduation and college matriculation rates in the school district surrounding USC, which serves predominantly Latino/Hispanic and African-American communities. The module will also expose the students to oceanography, and help local high school teachers develop an ocean sciences lesson plan to incorporate into their curriculum.

概述：人类活动导致的气候变暖已经开始改变全球海洋，并有可能改变海洋的碳汇。未来混合层深度的变化和营养物质向表层海洋的输送被认为是影响海洋初级生产和碳循环的主要过程。这两个过程都受到亚中尺度物理动力(1-10公里)的显著影响。然而，目前用于理解气候敏感性的全球气候模型没有解决这些重要特征，因此缺少影响海洋碳循环的基本机制。在这个项目中，PI将开发一个新的生物地球化学和生态系统模型，该模型在一个易于计算的框架内捕捉亚中尺度过程对碳循环的影响，以便进行大规模模拟。空间异质动态浮游生物(SHIP)模型将代表资源环境在亚网格尺度上的分布，并将包括5个浮游植物功能群，以及光、氮和磷对浮游植物生长的限制。这项研究将集中在两个寡营养站点，百慕大大西洋时间序列站(BATS)和夏威夷海洋时间序列(HOT)。船模将被用来探索APEX/ISUS剖面硝酸盐漂浮物观测到的亚中尺度动态对初级生产力、物种动态和碳出口通量的影响。还将进行一套模式模拟，以调查BATS和HOT的碳循环对亚中尺度锋面形成频率和强度变化的敏感性，例如在未来气候情景下可能发生的变化。最后，将测量驱动的船舶模拟与明确解析亚中尺度动力学的理想化区域海洋模拟系统模拟进行比较。智力优势：亚中尺度过程已被证明对海洋物理有重大影响，然而，这些过程在碳循环中所起的作用尚不清楚。这项研究将提供一项基于观测的分析，分析亚中尺度特征对少营养环流群落组成和功能的影响，以及这种相互作用对气候驱动变化的敏感性。此外，这项工作将验证一种新的方法，用于将亚中尺度动力学的影响机械地合并到粗分辨率模式中。这项研究将为探索气候变化对全球碳循环的影响，同时包括亚中尺度过程的影响提供一个易于计算的框架。更广泛的影响：研究人员和与该项目相关的学生将与南加州大学邻里学术倡议(NAI)合作，开发一个海洋科学模块，包括在海洋研究船上进行实地考察。NAI努力提高南加州大学周围学区的高中毕业率和大学录取率，该学区主要服务于拉美裔/西班牙裔和非裔美国人社区。该模块还将让学生接触海洋学，并帮助当地高中教师制定海洋科学教案，将其纳入他们的课程。

项目成果

Contextualizing time-series data: quantification of short-term regional variability in the San Pedro Channel using high-resolution in situ glider data

时间序列数据的背景化：使用高分辨率原位滑翔机数据量化圣佩德罗海峡的短期区域变化

• DOI: 10.5194/bg-15-6151-2018
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Biogeosciences
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Teel, Elizabeth N.;Liu, Xiao;Seegers, Bridget N.;Ragan, Matthew A.;Haskell, William Z.;Jones, Burton H.;Levine, Naomi M.
• 通讯作者: Levine, Naomi M.