Collaborative Research: Measuring Information Content of the Artifacts of Early Design

这个合作研究项目的目标是测量在早期设计中使用的不同工件的信息内容，无论设计是如何描述的，并且还研究在工程设计的早期阶段信息的增长，或不确定性的减少。在设计中产生和使用各种类型的信息，每种信息都可以以不同的形式表达，例如图片，文本，符号或动画。正在开发一种通用的设计表示，将任何类型的设计信息转换为一种中立的形式。其次，正在创建度量标准，以基于这种中立的表示来度量工件的信息内容，以及量化设计的信息内容的工具。在早期项目中开发的模型将用于验证信息度量，通过实验测量不同设计中的信息如何减少设计的不确定性。如果取得成功，本研究将改变工程设计项目的控制和评价方法。有了决策环境中可测量的信息，计算机工具和正式方法就可以建立起来，根据所使用的信息和所做的决策来测量设计项目的进度，而不是今天使用的更间接的度量标准，如时间流逝或花费的金钱。这项研究将激发对设计团队的“知识状态”的理解和测量的新研究。通过一种测量知识状态的方法，可以量化设计师在整个设计项目中的知识获取，这可能会导致新的工具和方法来评估设计团队在项目之间保留和重用知识的能力，并客观地评估学生设计团队的学习曲线。这项研究的结果将被整合到德克萨斯州立大学和俄勒冈州立大学的设计相关课程中，以提高学生对“边做边学”的欣赏，并让他们更好地感受到工程设计决策的复杂性。

The objective of this collaborative research project is to measure the information content of different artifacts used in early design no matter how the design is described, and also to study the growth of information, or reduction of uncertainty, in the early stages of engineering design. Information of various types is produced and used in design, and each may be expressed in different forms, such as pictures, text, symbols, or animation. A general design representation is being developed to translate any type of design information into a neutral form. Second, metrics are being created to measure the information content of artifacts based on this neutral representation, along with tools to quantify the information content of designs. Models developed on an earlier project will be used to validate the information metrics by experimentally measuring how information within different designs, as measured by the metrics, can reduce design uncertainty. If successful, this research will transform the methods for control and evaluation of engineering design projects. With information measurable in the context of decisions, computer tools and formal methods could be built to measure the progress of design projects in terms of the information used and decisions made, rather than the more indirect metrics used today, such as time elapsed or money spent. This research will stimulate new research into the understanding and measurement of the "state of knowledge" of a design team. By having a way to measure knowledge state, it could be possible to quantify the designer's knowledge gain throughout a design project, which could lead to new tools and methods for evaluating a design team's capability in retaining and reusing knowledge between projects, and for objectively assessing the learning curves of student design teams. The findings of this research will be integrated into design-related courses at both Texas State University and Oregon State University in order to improve students' appreciation for "learning by doing" and give them a better feel for the complexity of decision-making in engineering design.