Collaborative Research: High-Resolution Underway Air-Sea Observations in Drake Passage for Climate Science

德雷克海峡是南美洲和南极半岛西部之间的水域，通过巨大的南极绕极洋流(ACC)畅通无阻地连接南大西洋和南太平洋。利用USAP补给船RV/AS LMGould号相对频繁的渡轮横渡德雷克海峡，这项提议将继续在ACC的这个天然扼流点收集上层海洋XBT温度和XTCD盐度数据。这将产生从季节到年际时间尺度以及从当前核心到中尺度涡旋的空间尺度上的额外水文观测。这些高分辨率、多次重复的断面(每年多达6~7次穿越)经过质量控制、存档并提供给更广泛的社区，以便于研究地球上主要洋流(ACC)的变化模式。德雷克海峡XBT/XCTD断面时间序列现在可以追溯到1996年，并继续增加对南大洋锋面的长期趋势、地表水质量特性及其在与气候有关的时间尺度上对大气强迫的反应的一些定量估计。这项建议还寻求更新近十年的时间序列工作，测量德雷克海峡规则横断面上的二氧化碳在航面上的分压。

The Drake Passage is the body of water between South America and the Western Antarctic Peninsula, thus connecting the Southern Atlantic and Southern Pacific Oceans through the unimpeded flow of the immense Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC).Using the relatively frequent ferry crossings of the Drake Passage by the RV/AS LMGould, the USAP supply ship, this proposal will continue the of collection of upper ocean XBT temperature and XTCD salinity data in this natural chokepoint for the ACC. This will yield additional hydrographic observations on seasonal to interannual timescales, and on spatial scales ranging from the current core to mesoscale eddies. These high-resolution, multi-repeat transects (up to 6 ~7 crossings per year) are quality controlled, archived and made available to the broader community in order to facilitate study of the modes of variability of the dominant oceanic current on the planet (the ACC). The Drake Passage XBT/XCTD transect time series now extends back to 1996, and continues to add to a number of quantitative estimates of the long term trends in Southern Ocean fronts, surface water mass properties, their response to atmospheric forcing on climate relevant time scales. This proposal also seeks renewal of a near decadal time series effort measuring the underway surface partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) in regular transects across the Drake Passage.