Dimensions: Collaborative Research: Bacterial Taxa that Control Sulfur Flux from the Ocean to the Atmosphere

该项目是基于海洋表面水域中普遍存在的有机硫化合物二甲基磺酸丙酸酯(DMSP)的细菌转化这一全球重要功能。最近的遗传学发现已经确定了DMSP降解的两条主要途径中的关键基因，现在开始确定在DMSP处理过程中调节基因表达的因素，以偏爱其中一条途径。介导DMSP循环的细菌的分类已经从基因组和元基因组测序中推断出来，包括海洋中的四个主要类群。了解DMSP降解的规则在这些组之间有何不同，并映射到这些组之间的关系，对于了解海洋硫循环和预测其在不断变化的海洋中的作用是重要的信息。该项目将结合使用模式生物研究、微观世界实验(在多芬岛海洋实验室，亚利桑那州)，以及使用自主样本采集仪进行的时间序列实地研究(在加利福尼亚州蒙特利湾)。该项目将确定海水中细菌DMSP降解物的主要分类群如何调节DMSP的转化，并解决细菌功能、遗传和分类多样性对全球硫循环的影响。该项目将培训研究生和博士后学者微生物生物多样性，并为本科生提供研究机会和指导。学生将获得微生物生态学、硫磺化学/生物地球化学和环境生物信息学方面的跨学科培训，并将参与研究，以提高我们对海洋浮游细菌如何调控全球硫命运的理解。一项推广计划将加强有前途的高中生对海洋微生物在全球元素循环中的作用和多样性的理解。在佐治亚州雅典的一所种族多元化的高中，高级预修课程(AP)生物学的学生将参与海洋微生物研究，该研究涵盖了新的AP生物学课程中的关键学习目标。学生将使用从佐治亚州沿海海水中分离的细菌菌株进行课堂实验室练习，以学习生态学、微生物学、分子生物学和生物信息学的概念。在年底到萨佩洛岛的实地考察中，学生们将分离出新的菌株，这些菌株将成为下一班AP生物学学生的学习有机体。两名高中生将被挑选到首席调查员的实验室进行暑期研究实习。该项目还支持公共水族馆(DISL河口水族馆和蒙特利湾水族馆)和暑期研究生课程的教育和推广工作。

This project is based on the globally important function of bacterial transformation of the ubiquitous organic sulfur compound dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) in ocean surface waters. Recent genetic discoveries have identified key genes in the two major DMSP degradation pathways, and the stage is now set to identify the factors that regulate gene expression to favor one or the other pathway during DMSP processing. The taxonomy of the bacteria mediating DMSP cycling has been deduced from genomic and metagenomic sequencing surveys to include four major groups in the ocean. Understanding how the regulation of DMSP degradation differs among these groups and maps to the relationships between these groups is important information for understanding the marine sulfur cycle and predicting its function in a changing ocean. The project will incorporate the use of model organism studies, microcosm experiments (at Dauphin Island Sea Lab, AL), and time-series field studies with an autonomous sample collection instrument (at Monterey Bay, CA). This project will ascertain how the major taxa of bacterial DMSP degraders in seawater regulate DMSP transformations, and address the implications of bacterial functional, genetic, and taxonomic diversity for global sulfur cycling..The project will train graduate students and a post-doctoral scholar in microbial biodiversity and provide research opportunities and mentoring for undergraduate students. Students will obtain interdisciplinary training in microbial ecology, sulfur chemistry/biogeochemistry, and environmental bioinformatics, and will participate in research to improve our understanding of how marine bacterioplankton regulate the global fate of sulfur. An outreach program will enhance understanding of the role and diversity of marine microorganisms in global elemental cycles among promising high school students. Advanced Placement (AP) Biology students at a racially diverse Athens, GA, high school will participate in marine microbial research that covers key learning goals in the new AP Biology curriculum. Students will conduct classroom laboratory exercises with bacterial strains isolated from coastal Georgia seawater to learn ecological, microbiological, molecular biological, and bioinformatic concepts. During an end-of-the-year field trip to Sapelo Island, students will isolate new strains that become the study organisms for the next class of AP Biology students. Two high school students will be selected for summer research internships in the laboratories of the principal investigators. The project also supports education and outreach efforts at public aquaria (DISL Estuarium and Monterey Bay Aquarium) and summer graduate courses.