CAREER: Planet Formation in the Age of Kepler

职业：开普勒时代的行星形成

• 批准号: 1352369
• 负责人: Yoram Lithwick
• 金额: $ 40.03万
• 依托单位: Northwestern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-01 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1352369&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Planet; Formation; Age; Kepler

This award will support Professor Lithwick of Northwestern University to further develop novel techniques that combine analytical formulae with statistical techniques to independently measure important physical and orbital properties of Kepler planets from their Transit Timing Variations (TTV). These results will be used to answer questions such as how planet density and orbital parameters depend on spacing, multiplicity, orbital period, metallicity, etc. These results will enable more detailed theoretical studies to understand how systems with multiple Earth to Neptune sized planets in orbits closer than Mercury's are formed. The principal tool will be N-body simulations of the build up of planets by accretion in which damping by a gas disk is indirectly accounted for. The procedure will be guided where possible by analytical theory, and the resulting distributions of planet and orbital properties will be constrained by Kepler TTV's. The work to be carried out under this award will provide measurements the mass and orbital properties of a large number of planetary systems. The PI will then be able to model the formation of these systems to better understand why our own planetary system is so different from the vast majority discovered with Kepler. In his approach to an integrated research and education plan, Professor Lithwick will take advantage of the broad appeal of exoplanets to develop and introduce computer modeling into the science curriculum at Chicago-area high schools. He will primarily develop and share tools and curriculum materials through workshops for high school teachers, who will then work with student doing independent projects involving computer modeling of exoplanets. The PI will consult with the teacher-student teams and visit each school. He will also organize a one-day symposium for students to present their results.

该奖项将支持西北大学的Lithwick教授进一步开发新技术，将联合收割机分析公式与统计技术相结合，以独立测量开普勒行星的重要物理和轨道特性。 这些结果将被用来回答问题，如行星密度和轨道参数如何取决于间距，多重性，轨道周期，金属丰度等，这些结果将使更详细的理论研究，以了解如何与多个地球海王星大小的行星在轨道上比水星的形成。 主要的工具将是N体模拟建立行星的吸积，其中阻尼的气体盘是间接占。 该过程将在可能的情况下由分析理论指导，并且由此产生的行星和轨道属性的分布将受到Kepler TTV的约束。 在该奖项下开展的工作将提供大量行星系统的质量和轨道特性的测量。 PI将能够模拟这些系统的形成，以更好地理解为什么我们自己的行星系统与开普勒发现的绝大多数行星系统如此不同。 在他的方法，以综合研究和教育计划，教授Lithwick将利用系外行星的广泛吸引力，开发和引入计算机建模到科学课程在芝加哥地区的高中。 他将主要通过高中教师的研讨会开发和分享工具和课程材料，然后与学生一起做涉及系外行星计算机建模的独立项目。 PI将与教师和学生团队协商并访问每所学校。 他还将组织一个为期一天的研讨会，让学生介绍他们的成果。