Studies of Nuclear Reactions and Structure

该奖项资助佛罗里达州立大学（FSU）的教师和学生进行核物理测量的广泛计划。 这些实验包括研究在恒星过程的所有阶段中发挥关键作用的核反应和衰变。 该计划的这一方面支持在全球天文观测方面已经和正在进行的大量投资。 其他的实验则聚焦于核壳层结构随中子数增加的演化，特别是在幻数20和28附近。 原子核在超高自旋下的行为将通过离散伽马能谱利用FSU和国家超导回旋加速器实验室（NSCL）的伽马探测器阵列进行探索。 该小组还将利用相对论重离子对撞机（RHIC）的重离子碰撞来研究夸克胶子等离子体的特性。 该项目更广泛的社会影响在于在实践环境中对本科生和研究生进行教育和培训。 佛罗里达州立大学是核物理领域的领先教育者之一（第四高博士学位）。在美国生产）这笔拨款将使该小组能够继续吸引和培训实验核物理学方面最优秀和最聪明的研究生。 由于学生的培训和动手工作与高科技设备在前沿核物理实验室，前苏联毕业生的需求很高，现在在国土安全，国防，高科技产业，前沿研究和干教育的关键作用。 最后，这些测量对于理解恒星过程和我们宇宙中元素的丰度非常重要。这项研究的一个重要部分是使用FSU福克斯实验室的短寿命稀有核同位素来研究不稳定核的核反应和结构。 这对于具有天体物理重要性的反应非常重要，其中许多反应是通过不稳定的原子核进行的。 这些光束具有低强度，因此将受益于最近由FSU与路易斯安那州立大学合作开发的ANASEN主动目标和探测器阵列。 新研制的中子探测器阵列（RESONEUT）将用于研究放射性束的（d，n）反应逆运动学。 计划进行一系列实验，以测量在TRIUMF的预期r-过程路径上和附近的重富中子核的β衰变后的寿命的临界参数。 对抗国家的最先进的壳模型计算的多个跨壳层激发与建议的核结构测量将加强其可靠性外推到天体物理学的重要区域。 FSU 14 C束将用于利用最近数字化的锗探测器阵列探索更多富中子核的核结构。 使用伽马探测器阵列（GRETINA和GAMMASPHERE）的测量将探索原子质量约150区域内新提出的奇异形状和超高自旋结构。 其他工作包括使用PHENIX探测器系统，其中一部分是在FSU建造的，用重味探针研究夸克-胶子等离子体。 在这种情况下，FSU的重点是冷核物质对重夸克偶素产生的影响。

This award funds a broad program of measurements in nuclear physics by faculty and students at Florida State University (FSU). The experiments include studies of nuclear reactions and decays that play key roles in all stages of stellar processes. This aspect of the program supports the large investment made and being made in astronomical observations worldwide. Other experiments focus on the evolution of nuclear shell structure with increasing neutron number, especially near the magic numbers of 20 and 28. The behavior of nuclei at ultra-high spin will be explored through discrete gamma spectroscopy using arrays of gamma detectors at FSU and at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL). The group will also exploit heavy ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) to investigate the characteristics of the quark-gluon plasma. The broader societal impacts of this project lie in the education and training of undergraduate and graduate students in a hands-on environment. Florida State University has served as one of the leading educators in the field of nuclear physics (4th highest Ph.D. production in the U.S.) and this grant will enable the group to continue to attract and train the best and brightest graduate students in experimental nuclear physics. Because of the students' training and hands-on work with high tech equipment in a forefront nuclear physics laboratory, FSU graduates are in high demand and now serve in key roles in homeland security, national defense, high-tech industry, leading edge research, and STEM education. Finally, these measurements will be important for understanding stellar processes and the abundance of elements in our universe. A significant part of the proposed research uses short-lived rare nuclear isotopes from the FSU Fox Laboratory to study nuclear reactions and structure in unstable nuclei. This is very important for reactions of astrophysical importance, many of which proceed through unstable nuclei. These beams have low intensity and so will benefit from the ANASEN active target and detector array recently developed by FSU in collaboration with Louisiana State University. A newly developed neutron detector array (RESONEUT) will be used to study (d,n) reactions in inverse kinematics with radioactive beams. A series of experiments is planned to measure the critical parameter of lifetime following beta decay of heavy, neutron-rich nuclei on and close to the expected r-process path at TRIUMF. The confrontation of state-of-the-art shell model calculations for multiple cross-shell excitations with proposed nuclear structure measurements will strengthen their reliability for extrapolation to the astrophysically important region. The FSU 14C beam will be used to explore nuclear structure in more neutron-rich nuclei with a recently digitized Germanium detector array. Measurements using gamma detector arrays (GRETINA and GAMMASPHERE) will explore newly proposed exotic shapes and ultra-high-spin structures in the atomic mass ~ 150 region. Other work involves studying the quark-gluon plasma with heavy flavor probes using the PHENIX detector system, parts of which were constructed at FSU. In this instance the FSU focus is on the effects of cold nuclear matter on heavy quarkonia production.