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DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Importance of leaf defenses to leaf economics spectrum evolution in wild and cultivated sunflower (Helianthus)

论文研究：叶片防御对野生和栽培向日葵（向日葵）叶片经济谱演化的重要性

基本信息

批准号：
1404291
负责人：
Lisa Donovan
金额：
$ 1.89万
依托单位：
University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-07-01 至 2017-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1404291&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
DISSERTATION RESEARCH Importance leaf defenses

项目摘要

Leaf defenses are traits that protect leaves from herbivory, like toughness or toxins. While individual leaf defenses have long been studied, there has been little research on the relationship between leaf defenses and the important leaf physiological traits that define plant growth rate and environmental stress tolerance. This research explores the relationship between leaf physiology and defense across 28 species of wild sunflower, as well as across 288 varieties of cultivated sunflower. Both wild and cultivated sunflowers will be assessed for leaf physiology and defenses in greenhouse studies. Wild species data will be used to understand how trait interactions allow persistence in native habitat. Cultivated sunflower data will be used to understand the covariation of these traits in crop varieties, and will be used to determine the genetic basis of both leaf physiology and defense traits. Wild sunflower species thrive in habitats as diverse as deserts, wetlands, prairies, forests, and even rock outcrops. By understanding how leaf physiology and defenses have changed together during adaptation to different environments, we can understand the interplay of these important ecological traits, uncover agriculturally valuable trait combinations, and predict changes in wild ecosystems under climate and land-use change. Cultivated sunflower is an important oilseed crop, and understanding the genetic basis of leaf traits will provide resources for crop research.

叶子防御是保护叶子免受食草动物侵害的特征，比如韧性或毒素。虽然对叶片的个体防御能力进行了长期的研究，但对叶片防御能力与决定植物生长速度和环境耐受性的重要叶片生理性状之间的关系的研究却很少。研究了28种野生向日葵和288种栽培向日葵叶片生理与防御的关系。在温室研究中，将对野生和栽培向日葵的叶片生理和防御能力进行评估。野生物种数据将用于了解性状相互作用如何允许在原生栖息地持续存在。栽培向日葵的数据将用于了解这些性状在作物品种中的共变异，并将用于确定叶片生理和防御性状的遗传基础。野生向日葵品种在沙漠、湿地、草原、森林甚至露头岩石等多种栖息地茁壮成长。通过了解叶片生理和防御在适应不同环境过程中如何共同变化，我们可以了解这些重要生态性状的相互作用，揭示有农业价值的性状组合，并预测气候和土地利用变化下野生生态系统的变化。栽培向日葵是一种重要的油料作物，了解其叶片性状的遗传基础将为作物研究提供资源。