DISSERTATION RESEARCH: The maintenance of genetic diversity in captive breeding programs

论文研究：圈养育种计划中遗传多样性的维持

• 批准号: 1407021
• 负责人: James DeWoody
• 金额: $ 1.99万
• 依托单位: Purdue University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-01 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1407021&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; maintenance; genetic; diversity

Captive breeding programs have been used to supplement imperiled populations or to re-establish locally extinct populations. Unfortunately, approximately one-third of supplementation and reintroduction attempts are unsuccessful because animals fail to survive and reproduce in the wild. Genetic diversity of a population is a key variable that can influence fitness and, therefore, survival. Because most breeding programs inadvertently select for adaptation to captivity, genetic diversity is often radically altered. To examine the impacts of captive breeding on vertebrate populations, we established six captive populations of white-footed mice and propagated the populations using three breeding schemes typically used in zoos. The existing pedigree will be supplemented with DNA data to form a complete genetic picture of the captive populations. Through the use of a multi-faceted assessment of genetic diversity via pedigree, marker, and sequence data, this project will compare the evolution of populations bred and maintained in captivity. By utilizing replicate, experimental populations of white-footed mice propagated via different captive breeding protocols, we will also evaluate the efficacy of theoretical approaches to limiting inbreeding, drift, and selection in captive populations. The resulting data will be useful in understanding how different genes and genomic regions evolve, which will be important in further captive breeding programs for recovery of endangered species and for biomedical research.

圈养繁殖计划被用来补充濒危种群或重建当地灭绝的种群。不幸的是，大约三分之一的补充和重新引入的尝试都没有成功，因为动物无法在野外生存和繁殖。种群的遗传多样性是一个关键变量，它可以影响适合度，从而影响生存。由于大多数繁育计划都会无意中选择适应圈养，因此遗传多样性往往会发生根本性的改变。为了研究圈养繁殖对脊椎动物种群的影响，我们建立了六个圈养白足小鼠种群，并使用三种通常在动物园使用的繁殖方案进行繁殖。现有的谱系将得到DNA数据的补充，以形成圈养种群的完整遗传图景。通过使用系谱、标记和序列数据对遗传多样性的多方面评估，该项目将比较圈养繁殖和维持的种群的进化。通过利用通过不同圈养繁殖方案繁殖的白足小鼠的重复实验种群，我们还将评估限制圈养种群近亲交配、漂移和选择的理论方法的有效性。由此产生的数据将有助于理解不同的基因和基因组区域是如何进化的，这将对进一步的人工繁殖计划、恢复濒危物种和生物医学研究具有重要意义。