RUI: Combatting Organophosphate Pesticides with New Molybdenum-based Catalysts in Water

RUI：在水中使用新型钼基催化剂对抗有机磷农药

• 批准号: 1413090
• 负责人: Louis Kuo
• 金额: $ 22.01万
• 依托单位: Lewis and Clark College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-15 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1413090&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Combatting; Organophosphate; Pesticides; New

The Environmental Chemical Sciences Program in the Division of Chemistry at the National Science Foundation supports the research of Professor Louis Y. Kuo at Lewis and Clark College that will involve undergraduate students. Inquiry-based research will be performed in diverse fields including organic synthesis, chemical catalysis, and coordination and phosphorus chemistry. With Professor Kuo's guidance, undergraduates will actively participate in a hypothesis-based investigations driven by the collection of data and the analysis of results spanning different chemical disciplines. Written and oral dissemination of their results will be communicated at local and international venues. The PI has a proven track record of working with undergraduates on projects involving OP chemistry. In the past 20 years, the PI has mentored 37 undergraduate and high school students and has produced 21 publications with student coauthors. Another outstanding feature of this project is the outreach and involvement of high school students and a high school teacher through summer research. This collaboration will impact STEM education and potentially contribute to greater interest by students in sustainable environmental chemistry.The research will examine the catalytic hydrolysis of sulfur-containing organophosphates (OP) by common, air stable and safe molybdenum oxide complexes. The OP under examination are sulfur-containing compounds that fall into two classes. The first class is the model compound O,S-diethylphenyl phosphonothioate (DEPP) in which further derivatizations are readily accomplished; DEPP also serves as a safe mimic of OP neurotoxins. The second class of compounds is "live" OP pesticides in common agricultural uses which are Phosmet, Chlorpyrifos and Malathion. This project provides mechanistic information on the hydrolytic degradation of sulfur-containing pesticides. This fundamental investigation focuses on OP hydrolysis through nucleophilic attack and phosphate activation by oxo-molybdates. It also tests how soil (i.e. clay) affects the various routes for OP hydrolysis by these new molybdenum complexes. The research results will provide fundamental understanding of soil-effects on important hydrolytic processes for pesticide degradation.

美国国家科学基金会化学系的环境化学科学项目支持路易斯和克拉克学院的路易斯·郭教授的研究，该研究将涉及本科生。探究式研究将在不同的领域进行，包括有机合成，化学催化，配位和磷化学。在郭教授的指导下，本科生将积极参与基于假设的研究，通过收集数据和分析不同化学学科的结果。将在本地和国际场合以书面和口头形式传播其结果。PI在与本科生合作OP化学项目方面有着良好的记录。在过去的20年里，PI指导了37名本科生和高中生，并与学生共同撰写了21篇出版物。这个项目的另一个突出特点是通过暑期研究让高中生和一名高中教师参与进来。这种合作将影响STEM教育，并可能促进学生对可持续环境化学的更大兴趣。该研究将考察常见的、空气稳定的和安全的氧化钼配合物对含硫有机磷酸盐（OP）的催化水解。检查的OP是含硫化合物，分为两类。第一类是模型化合物O， s -二乙基苯基膦硫酸盐（DEPP），其进一步衍生化很容易完成；德普也可以作为OP神经毒素的安全模拟物。第二类化合物是常见农业用途的“活”有机磷农药，包括磷、毒死蜱和马拉硫磷。本项目提供了含硫农药水解降解的机理信息。这项基础研究的重点是通过亲核攻击和钼酸氧活化OP水解。它还测试了土壤（即粘土）如何影响这些新的钼配合物水解OP的各种途径。研究结果将为农药降解过程中土壤对重要水解过程的影响提供基础认识。