Comparative Island Ecodynamics in the North Atlantic

北大西洋岛屿生态动力学比较

• 批准号: 1449616
• 负责人: George Hambrecht
• 金额: $ 53.63万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-15 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1449616&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Comparative; Island; Ecodynamics; North; Atlantic

The proposed project seeks to improve scientific understanding of the complex interactions of human governance, climate change, human environmental impact, and world system effects on the diverging fates of two closely related Scandinavian communities in Greenland and Iceland. While the Icelanders survived centuries of adverse climate, volcanic eruptions, large-scale soil erosion, epidemic disease, and harsh world-system economic impacts to develop a modern society now ranking high in international assessments of quality of life, their relatives in Norse Greenland suffered complete extinction by the mid-15th century CE. Why did one northern community achieve sustainability on the millennial scale, while its near neighbor underwent genuine social-environmental system (SES) collapse despite centuries of successful adaptation and what we now recognize as comparatively resilient economic management? How can the lessons of these thousand year cases of long term human ecodynamics and their radically different outcomes be more effectively understood and interpreted for the wider effort to mobilize the past to serve modern efforts to secure a genuinely sustainable future? What lessons of survival and extinction can be learned and taught for both local northern community heritage and for global education for sustainability? These questions are not only relevant to Norse in the 14th -15th centuries but have the potential to inform research that can provide insights into social decisions that are key to the long-term sustainability of human and environmental systems on earth. The project combines the data and expertise of history, human bioarchaeology, zooarchaeology, archaeobotany, geoarchaeology, artifact distribution, stable isotopic analysis, geochronology, environmental modeling, and K-12 and college education professionals. It brings together teams of scientists, educators, and local residents from across the region and create genuinely transdisciplinary and genuinely transformative approaches to shared problems of human survival and sustainable adaptation in the north.

拟议的项目旨在提高对人类治理、气候变化、人类环境影响和世界系统对格陵兰和冰岛两个密切相关的斯堪的纳维亚社区命运的影响之间复杂互动的科学理解。冰岛人经受住了几个世纪的恶劣气候、火山喷发、大规模水土流失、流行病和严酷的世界体系经济影响，发展了一个在国际生活质量评估中名列前茅的现代社会，但他们在北欧格陵兰岛的亲戚在15世纪中叶遭到完全灭绝。为什么一个北方社区实现了千年规模的可持续发展，而它的近邻经历了真正的社会环境系统(SES)崩溃，尽管经历了几个世纪的成功适应和我们现在认识到的相对有弹性的经济管理？如何才能更有效地理解和解释这些人类长期生态动力学千年案例的教训及其截然不同的结果，以便更广泛地努力动员过去为现代努力服务，以确保一个真正可持续的未来？对于当地北部社区遗产和全球可持续发展教育，可以吸取和传授哪些关于生存和灭绝的教训？这些问题不仅与14-15世纪的斯堪的纳维亚人有关，而且有可能为研究提供信息，为社会决策提供见解，这些决策对地球上人类和环境系统的长期可持续性至关重要。该项目结合了历史学、人类生物考古学、动物考古学、考古植物学、地质考古学、文物分布、稳定同位素分析、地质年代学、环境建模以及K-12和大学教育专业人员的数据和专业知识。它将来自该地区的科学家、教育工作者和当地居民团队聚集在一起，为北方人类生存和可持续适应的共同问题创造真正的跨学科和真正的变革性方法。