P2C2: Signatures of the Toba Super-eruption in Borneo Stalagmites

P2C2：婆罗洲石笋多巴超级喷发的特征

• 批准号: 1502830
• 负责人: Kim Cobb
• 金额: $ 43.45万
• 依托单位: Georgia Tech Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-01 至 2018-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1502830&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: P2C2; Signatures; Toba; Super; eruption

This award supports the collection of well-dated stalagmites from the Gunung Mulu National Park in northern Borneo to generate paired reconstructions of high resolution atmospheric volcanic loading, as determined by micro-scale analyses of volcanic ash and volatiles, and stalagmite delta oxygen-18 isotopes (delta-18O), as a proxy for hydroclimate. Large volcanic eruptions have a significant cooling effect on climate through the radiative effects of sulfate aerosols and, as such, represent key targets for a quantitative data-model inter-comparison. As the largest eruption of the last 2 million years, the Toba super-caldera, located on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia, spread a thick layer of ash from East Africa to the South China Sea when it erupted roughly 74,000 years ago. The eruption's climatic attribution is complicated by a millennial-scale abrupt climate change event that is closely associated in time with the eruption. Numerical climate model simulations confirm that an eruption of Toba's size would have had significant impacts on global climate despite significant uncertainties regarding the size and duration its radiative effects. With these datasets, the researchers aim to determine the relative timing of Toba ash loading with respect to stalagmite delta-18O anomalies indicative of regional hydroclimate impacts. They will compare their hydro-climate reconstructions with output from the water isotope-equipped NASA/GISS ModelE2-R using an existing suite of simulations forced with large volcanic eruptions.Stalagmites have provided exceptionally well-dated, high-resolution reconstructions of climate in many areas of the world, yet only a handful of studies have investigated their use as archives of volcanic forcing histories. The Borneo stalagmites represent an opportunity to pursue such absolutely-dated reconstructions and to directly compare them to reconstructions of hydro-climate across the time horizon of an exceptionally large eruption. This award carries with it strong ongoing public outreach efforts in climate science such as organizing a public symposium on "How Climate Works" involving local high school science classes and offering summer research internships to those that attend as well as spearheading an initiative to establish a permanent archive for the Gunung Mulu stalagmites to ensure access to the valuable samples for other scientists.

该奖项支持了婆罗洲北部的古元穆鲁国家公园（Gunung Mulu National Park）收集的良好的石塔米特人，以产生高分辨率大气火山载荷的配对重建，如火山灰和挥发物的微尺度分析确定，以及挥发性的微尺度分析，以及Stalagmite delta oxygen-coxygen-18同位素（delta-biristes）（Delta-biristes（Delta-biristes）（delta-biristes），供应供应。 大型火山喷发通过硫酸盐气溶胶的辐射作用对气候具有显着的冷却作用，因此，代表了定量数据模型间比较的关键靶标。 作为过去200万年最大的喷发，位于印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛上的Toba Super-Caldera在大约74,000年前爆发时，从东非散布了一层厚厚的灰烬。千禧一代的突然气候变化事件与喷发密切相关，这使喷发的气候归因变得复杂。 数值气候模型模拟证实，尽管对其辐射效应的尺寸和持续时间严重不确定性，但TOBA规模的喷发对全球气候产生了重大影响。使用这些数据集，研究人员的目的是确定Toba Ash载荷相对的相对时机，相对于石灰岩三角洲-18O异常，指示区域氢气候影响。他们将使用现有的一套由大型火山喷发强迫的模拟套件进行比较的水域气候重建与配备水同位素的NASA/GISS MODELE2-R的输出。斯塔林斯人在许多领域中提供了一些库存的库存，但仅提供了一个库存的库存，但在许多领域提供了极高的年代良好，高分辨率的重新构建。婆罗洲的石匠代表了追求这种绝对日期的重建的机会，并将它们直接与整个时期的水力气候重建进行比较。 该奖项在气候科学领域进行了强有力的公众宣传工作，例如组织公开研讨会，涉及当地高中科学课程的“气候工作”，并向参加活动的人提供夏季研究实习，并为参加的倡议提供一个永久性档案，以建立一个为Gunung Mulu Stalagmites建立永久性档案，以确保获得其他科学家的有价值的样品。