Collaborative Research: American Innovations in an Age of Discovery: Teaching Science and Engineering through 3D-printed Historical Reconstructions

先进的制造技术，如3D打印，正在改变设计和几个工程领域。这个创新项目将使用3D技术帮助学生通过美国的发明历史来学习科学和工程知识。作为科学和工程课程的一部分，中学生和高中生将使用3D打印技术来重现具有历史意义的发明，使用史密森学会的数字化版本（例如莱特兄弟的飞机- http://3d.si.edu）。该项目将创建模块，将这些过去的重大发明与当代技术、科学和工程联系起来。学生团队合作将帮助参与者了解发明的合作过程。该项目将为中学科学与工程教师开发配套材料。该项目将推进“面向学生和教师的创新技术体验”（ITEST）项目的工作，以更好地理解和促进提高学生在科学、技术、工程或数学（STEM）领域追求职业的动机和能力的实践。该模块的开发将满足最近国家报告和标准中关于将工程与科学教与学相结合的要求。研究问题和数据收集/分析将检查这些模块如何影响学生对概念的知识，以及教师是否能够在课堂上成功地实施这些概念。收集的数据包括学生在模块上的工作，与学生的访谈和焦点小组，与教师的访谈以及课堂观察。通过对比教室，本研究还将对学生的内容知识进行前测和后测，以了解处理教室中的模块对学生理工科知识的影响。目标是记录这些模块对学生在科学和工程课程中学习的影响，并了解如何利用历史上的发明来吸引学生参与科学和工程创新的发生。实施将包括两个州的不同学生人口的学区，为这些材料提供一系列的测试地点。

Advanced manufacturing technologies, such as 3D printing, are transforming design and several fields of engineering. This innovative project will use 3D technology to help students learn about science and engineering through the history of inventions in the United States. As part of science and engineering classes, middle and high-school students will use 3D printing technology to recreate historically significant inventions, using digitized versions from the Smithsonian Institution (e.g., the Wright brothers' airplane - http://3d.si.edu). The project will create modules that will connect these significant inventions from the past with contemporary technologies, science, and engineering. Student teamwork will help participants understand the collaborative process of invention. The project will develop supporting materials for middle school science and engineering teachers. This project will advance efforts of the Innovative Technology Experiences for Students and Teachers (ITEST) program to better understand and promote practices that increase students' motivations and capacities to pursue careers in fields of science, technology, engineering, or mathematics (STEM). The module development will address calls in recent national reports and standards for the integration of engineering in science teaching and learning. The research questions and data collection/analysis will examine how the modules impact student knowledge of the concepts and if teachers can successfully implement them in classrooms. Data to be collected include students' work on the modules, interviews and focus groups with students, interviews with teachers, and classroom observation. Using comparison classrooms, the study will also use pre-tests and post-tests of students' content knowledge to understand the impact of the modules in the treatment classrooms on students' knowledge of science and engineering. The goal will be to document the impact of the modules on students' learning in science and engineering courses and to understand how historical inventions can be used to engage students in how scientific and engineering innovation happen. The implementation will include school districts with diverse populations of students in two states, providing a range of test sites for the materials.