EAPSI:Investigating Timescales of Magma Injection, Storage and Eruption at Hyperactive Volcanoes

研究火山爆发的产物，特别是那些高度活跃的中心，是提高我们预测触发火山爆发的机制以及这些过程发生的时间尺度的能力的关键一步。拉伊玛火山是安第斯南部火山带的一座超活跃火山（过去375年中爆发了54次），它为测试岩浆活动增加和爆发之间的时间尺度提供了一个极好的科学场所。在这项研究中，我们将探讨岩浆补给，存储和喷发之间的时间尺度，这是保存在岩浆矿物的地球化学梯度的证据。通过使用已被很好地表征的喷发产物，该项目将作为一个强大的测试如何有效的扩散建模的成分配置文件可以在理解复杂的火山系统的行为。这些方法还将作为工具，用于推进在Volcán Llaima的预测监测技术，并应用于类似的高度活跃的火山。在过去十年中，对拉伊玛火山的研究阐明了与其火山管道系统相关的整体复杂性，从而解释了在深处发生的物理过程（例如储存条件，岩浆混合，晶体再活化）。我们现在有能力将这些广泛的地球化学数据集与时间尺度信息配对，使我们能够获得有关岩浆补给，混合和最终喷发之间时间的有趣信息。 在这个研究项目中，我们将模拟扩散驱动的组成配置文件保存在橄榄石斑晶从大量的1751年和1780年爆发的火山Llaima，智利，允许确定的时间尺度与推断的岩浆过程的基础上地球化学证据。这项NSF EAPSI奖将使用新加坡（南洋理工大学）地球观测站的分析设施，与Bouvet de Maisonneuve博士和Costa博士合作进行，Bouvet de Maisonneuve博士在Volcán Llaima方面拥有丰富的经验，Costa博士在社区中以应用先进的扩散率建模技术来确定岩浆过程的时间尺度而闻名。 这项研究是与新加坡国家研究基金会合作资助的。

Studying the products of volcanic eruptions, especially those of highly active centers, is a crucial step to improving our ability to forecast the mechanisms that trigger eruptions, and the timescales over which these processes occur. Volcán Llaima, a hyperactive volcano (54 eruptions in the last 375 years) in the Andean Southern Volcanic Zone, provides an excellent scientific playground to test the timescales between increased magmatic activity and eruption. In this study we will investigate the timescales between magmatic recharge, storage, and eruption, the evidence of which is preserved as geochemical gradients in magmatic minerals. By using eruptive products that have been well characterized, this project will serve as a robust test of how effective diffusional modeling of compositional profiles can be in understanding the behavior of complex volcanic systems. These methods will also serve as tools for advancing predictive monitoring techniques at Volcán Llaima, and be applied to similar highly active volcanoes. Research at Volcán Llaima over the last decade has illuminated the overall complexity associated with its volcanic plumbing systems, resulting in interpretations for the physical processes that are occurring at depth (e.g. storage conditions, magma mixing, crystal remobilization). We now have the capability to pair these extensive geochemical datasets with timescales information allowing us to achieve interesting information regarding the timing between magma recharge, mixing, and eventual eruption. In this research project, we will model diffusion driven compositional profiles preserved in olivine phenocrysts from the voluminous 1751 and 1780 eruptions of Volcán Llaima, Chile, allowing for determination of timescales associated with the inferred magmatic processes based on geochemical evidence. This NSF EAPSI award will be undertaken using the analytical facilities at the Earth Observatory of Singapore (Nanyang Technological University) in collaboration with Dr. Bouvet de Maisonneuve, who has extensive experience with Volcán Llaima, and Dr. Costa, renowned in the community for applying advanced diffusion-rate modeling techniques to determine timescales of magmatic processes. This research is funded in collaboration with the National Research Foundation of Singapore.