Drawing on Concepts in Finance for Construction Schedule Performance Measurement

借鉴财务概念进行施工进度绩效衡量

• 批准号: 1536005
• 负责人: Gunnar Lucko
• 金额: $ 17.5万
• 依托单位: Catholic University of America
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-15 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1536005&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Drawing; Concepts; Finance; Construction; Schedule

The research objective of this project is to investigate how performance can be made comparable across a wide range of construction project sizes and types. Performance is at the core of all managerial functions of decision makers; planning how projects should progress, controlling how they perform, and, if necessary, deploying remedies to bring lagging ones back on track. Yet despite, or perhaps because of the size of the construction industry as being a major contributor to the overall economy, its enormous number of projects, and their variety, no single measure has emerged that provides such a desired snapshot assessment. Existing attempts, which simply provide the percentage of total work or cite the 'value' that a schedule or budget has achieved, conceptually suffer from the problem that they converge to 'one' (work completed) or 'zero' (work remaining) at the project end, so that the mere fact that it was eventually finished makes a project appear successful and any problems that occurred are forgotten. This gives an overly optimistic, incomplete, and non-predictive view. This research will therefore glean inspiration from finance, where notwithstanding the diverse nature of publicly traded companies, investors have long quantified stock performance with universal metrics. Specifically, the proven concept of 'beta', which expresses volatility of a stock compared to its market, will be explored for adaptation as a schedule performance metric. If successful, this research will enhance transparency of construction projects in light of still-too-common schedule delays and productivity shortfalls, enable identification and targeted improvements of underperforming activities, projects, or firms, and support the competitiveness of participants within the U.S. construction economy. Educational outreach at the after-school ACE mentor program, which serves many minority high school students, will build a group activity that playfully embodies insights from the research.The research methodology is a process of knowledge transfer, from concept extraction via adaptation to verification and validation steps. The research team will collate analogies by mapping and matching them in a concept matrix with their equivalents of project management. Criteria for inclusion and any adjustment, assumption, or limitation will be proximity in meaning and predictiveness toward creating a functioning model that can reflect schedule performance. Validating the new approach will employ statistical analysis of artificial and real-world schedules from corporate partners.

本项目的研究目的是研究如何在各种规模和类型的建筑项目中进行比较。绩效是决策者所有管理职能的核心；计划项目应该如何进展，控制它们如何执行，并且，如果必要的话，部署补救措施使落后的项目回到正轨。然而，尽管，或者可能是因为建筑业的规模是整体经济的主要贡献者，它的项目数量庞大，种类繁多，没有一个单一的衡量标准能够提供如此理想的快照评估。现有的尝试，只是提供总工作的百分比或引用时间表或预算所实现的“价值”，在概念上受到问题的困扰，它们在项目结束时收敛为“1”（完成的工作）或“0”（剩余的工作），因此，它最终完成的事实使项目看起来很成功，而发生的任何问题都被遗忘了。这是一种过于乐观、不完整和不可预测的观点。因此，这项研究将从金融领域获得灵感，尽管上市公司的性质多种多样，但投资者长期以来一直用通用指标来量化股票表现。具体来说，“贝塔”的概念，它表示股票相对于其市场的波动性，将被探索适应作为一个时间表绩效指标。如果成功，这项研究将在仍然过于普遍的进度延迟和生产力不足的情况下提高建筑项目的透明度，使识别和有针对性地改进表现不佳的活动、项目或公司，并支持美国建筑经济中参与者的竞争力。为许多少数民族高中学生提供服务的课外ACE导师计划的教育推广将建立一个小组活动，以有趣的方式体现研究的见解。研究方法是一个知识转移的过程，从概念提取到适应，再到验证和确认步骤。研究小组将通过在概念矩阵中与项目管理的对等物进行映射和匹配来整理类比。包含和任何调整、假设或限制的标准将在意义和可预测性上接近于创建一个能够反映进度性能的功能模型。验证新方法将使用来自公司合作伙伴的人工和真实时间表的统计分析。