Time Series Particle Flux Measurements in the Sargasso Sea

自1978年以来，海洋通量计划（OFP）连续测量了从表面沃茨到马尾藻海深处的粒子运动，称为粒子通量，揭示了有关海洋化学变化的重要信息。它是运行时间最长的粒子通量时间序列，其独特之处在于其对深海的关注。该奖项将继续资助这一基本海洋学时间序列，延长数据记录，并使人们能够更好地了解观测到的通量模式与气候和海洋功能之间的相互作用。对时间序列的持续支持将为从高中生到博士后研究人员的年轻科学家提供培训和教育机会，其成果将与百慕大区域的其他时间序列工作联系起来。由于人们对温室气体增加造成的全球气候和海洋化学的人为扰动感到关切，对海洋年际和十年时间尺度的变化的了解具有广泛的兴趣和日益重要的意义。海洋生态系统现在被公认为受到全球和区域气候模式的影响，如厄尔尼诺/南方涛动和北大西洋涛动，迫切需要建立海洋模型？对未来气候情景的反应。这就需要从根本上了解海洋及其生物区系如何自然地对气候和环境强迫变量作出反应，以及这些反应如何反过来影响海洋生物地球化学循环。OFP的时间序列产生了一个独特的无与伦比的记录的时间变化的“生物泵”，一个术语松散地适用于从表面到深海的物质转移。记录记录了年际和较长的变化，深通量和短期波动驱动的中尺度物理变率，气象强迫和生态系统响应之间的相互作用。OFP样品档案是研究海洋化学变化的地球化学后果的无与伦比的资源。

Since 1978, the Oceanic Flux Program (OFP) has continuously measured particle movement, known as particle flux, from surface waters to the deep Sargasso Sea, revealing important information about changing ocean chemistry. It is the longest-running particle flux time series and is unique in its focus on the deep ocean. This award will continue funding this fundamental oceanographic time-series, lengthening the record of data and allowing for a better understanding of how the observed flux patterns relate to the interplay between climate and ocean functioning. Continued support of the time series will provide training and educational opportunities for young scientists from high school students through postdoctoral researchers, and results will tie into other time-series efforts in the Bermuda region. Understanding of ocean variability over interannual and decadal time-scales is of widespread interest and increasing relevance given the concerns over anthropogenic perturbations of global climate and ocean chemistry due to increases in greenhouse gases. Ocean ecosystems are now well-recognized to be affected by global and regional climate patterns such as ENSO and the North Atlantic Oscillation, and an imperative exists to model the ocean?s response to future climate scenarios. This requires a fundamental understanding of how the ocean and its biota naturally respond to climate and environmental forcing variables, and how these responses, in turn, affect ocean biogeochemical cycles. The OFP time-series has produced a unique unsurpassed record of temporal variability in the "biological pump", a term loosely applied to material transfer from the surface to the deep ocean. The record has documented interannual and longer variations in deep fluxes and shorter term fluctuations driven by the interactions between mesoscale physical variability, meteorological forcing and ecosystem responses. The OFP sample archives are an unparalleled resource for study of the biogeochemical consequences of changing ocean chemistry.