RAPID: Sea Spray Aerosol Production over the North Atlantic

该项目支持在美国宇航局资助的北大西洋气溶胶和海洋生态系统研究（names）期间部署额外的仪器。本研究的重点是表征海洋浮游生物生态系统的特性和年开花周期，并研究浮游生物生态系统如何影响遥远的海洋气溶胶和边界层云。这项研究将有助于确定是浮游植物的繁殖状态还是海洋中溶解有机碳的大量储存导致了海洋表面气溶胶的有机富集。这些结果对于精确模拟海洋和大气之间的碳交换以及了解其对气候的影响非常重要。海面气溶胶（SSA）原位发生器Sea Sweep将部署在前两次names巡航（2015年11月和2016年5月/ 6月）上，以表征海面生物活性对新排放的SSA的物理、化学、光学和云成核特性的影响。研究者推测，浮游植物的水华状态并不是控制新排放SSA中有机组分含量的主要因素。相反，他假设海洋中大量溶解的有机碳是SSA有机富集的原因。names项目提供了一个极好的直接机会来测量新排放的SSA，并评估影响其从海洋流出的通量、组成以及对海洋大气中云和化学的影响的海水参数。

This project supports the deployment of additional instrumentation during the NASA-funded North Atlantic Aerosols and Marine Ecosystems Study (NAAMES). This study is focused on characterizing the properties and annual bloom cycles of marine plankton ecosystems, and on investigating how remote marine aerosols and boundary layer clouds are influenced by plankton ecosystems. This research will help determine whether it is the phytoplankton bloom state or the large reservoir of dissolved organic carbon in the ocean that is responsible for the organic enrichment of sea-surface aerosol. The results are important for accurately modeling the exchange of carbon between the oceans and the atmosphere and for understanding its influence on climate.The Sea Sweep, an in-situ sea-surface aerosol (SSA) generator, will be deployed on the first two NAAMES cruises (November of 2015 and May/June 2016) to characterize the effects of surface seawater biological activity on the physical, chemical, optical and cloud nucleating properties of freshly emitted SSA. The investigator hypothesizes that the phytoplankton bloom state is not the dominant control over the magnitude of the organic fraction in freshly emitted SSA. Instead, he hypothesizes that the large reservoir of dissolved organic carbon in the ocean is responsible for the organic enrichment of SSA.The NAAMES project provides an excellent immediate opportunity to measure freshly emitted SSA and to assess the seawater parameters that affect its flux out of the ocean, composition, and impacts on clouds and chemistry in the marine atmosphere.