RAPID: Time Critical Preservation of Hunter-Gatherer Ethnographic Data

人类学研究和记录少数仅存的觅食（或狩猎采集）社会对于理解过去和现在人类生活方式的全部范围至关重要。12,000年前，地球上所有的人都是觅食者;今天，只有不到百分之一的人是。现代觅食者与古代觅食者有很大的不同;尽管如此，他们为我们提供了关于农业和工业革命带来的变革之前人类生活的最佳数据。这个RAPID奖支持时间敏感的编辑，保存和出版一个极度濒危但非常重要的关于坦桑尼亚哈扎觅食者的科学数据库。这些数据是由人类学家弗兰克·马洛博士和他的合作者在24个营地收集的，这些营地由大约400名哈扎人居住，他们保持着觅食的生活方式。在人类行为生态学理论框架的指导下，这些数据包括难民营人口普查、家庭人口普查、人体测量学、生殖史、重点个人观察数据（“重点跟踪”）、全球定位系统数据、带到难民营的食物记录、观察扫描、访谈和高质量电影胶片。Brian M.博士伍德博士（耶鲁大学），科莱特·贝贝斯克博士（罗汉普顿大学）和阿莉萨·克里滕登博士（内华达州，拉斯维加斯大学），谁是训练和马洛博士一起工作，将编译，编目，编码，并准备保存所有马洛哈扎材料，然后将提供给其他学者现在和将来通过公共数据目录。

The anthropological study and documentation of the few remaining foraging (or, hunter-gatherer) societies is essential for understanding the full range of past and present human ways of life. 12,000 years ago, all people on earth were foragers; today, fewer than one-hundredth of one percent are. Modern foragers differ in significant ways from ancient foragers; nonetheless, they provide us the best data we have on what human life was like before the transformations wrought by the agricultural and industrial revolutions. This RAPID award supports the time sensitive compilation, preservation, and publication of a critically endangered but highly significant corpus of scientific data on Hadza foragers in Tanzania. The data were collected over two decades (1995-2005) by anthropologist Dr. Frank Marlowe and his collaborators in the 24 camps occupied by the approximately 400 Hadza who maintained a forager way of life. Guided by the theoretical framework of human behavioral ecology, these data include camp censuses, household censuses, anthropometry, reproductive histories, focal individual observation data ("focal follows"), GPS data, records of food brought to camp, observational scans, interviews, and high quality film footage. Dr. Brian M. Wood (Yale University), Dr. Colette Berbesque (Roehampton University), and Dr. Alyssa Crittenden (University of Nevada, Las Vegas), who were trained by and worked alongside Dr. Marlowe, will compile, catalogue, code, and prepare for preservation all of the Marlowe Hadza materials, which will then be made available to other scholars now and in the future through a public data catalogue.