Modeling and Observational Studies of Inertial Instability Near the Tropopause

该项目将有助于增加对地面天气的了解，预测的准确性和减少对生命和财产的风险。特别是，它将导致改进对急流强度、降水带和气旋强度的预报。这项研究将增进对平流层/对流层交换的动力学的了解，从而增进对气候学上重要的微量成分的分布的了解。该网站重点介绍对流层上部和平流层下部的惯性不稳定性，以加强公众对天气系统的认识。惯性不稳定性在促进中纬度气旋的平流层对流层交换中起着重要作用。平流层侵入可以通过对流层最上层的极向运动（由惯性不稳定加速）发生，覆盖平流层的薄层空气。惯性不稳定性在极向动量激增和喷流耀斑中也起着关键作用。惯性不稳定在热带气旋相关的热带气旋中起着关键作用，本文将对惯性不稳定在中纬度和热带气旋UTLS中的作用进行进一步的模拟和观测研究。惯性不稳定在STE中的作用，周围和附近的对流最大值，重点对流位涡偶极子和惯性不稳定之间的关系在UTLS，将被检查。UTLS中惯性不稳定的气候发生和分布及其与中纬度气旋其他特征的关系将使用37年（1979-2015）的现代研究和应用回顾分析（MERRA）数据进行计算。复合分析将用于将惯性不稳定的位置与旋风的其他方面联系起来，包括射流位置和空气质量路径。产品将包括图表和部分描绘的位置和发生的惯性不稳定性的背景下，运输途径。

This project will contribute toward increased understanding of surface weather, accuracy of forecasts and reduction of risk to life and property. In particular, it will lead to improved forecasting of jet strength, precipitation bands, and cyclone intensity. The research will enhance understanding of the dynamics responsible for stratosphere / troposphere exchange, hence the distribution of climatologically important trace constituents. The website focusing on inertial instability in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) will enhance public knowledge of weather systems.Inertial instability can play a significant role in facilitating stratosphere troposphere exchange (STE) in midlatitude cyclone. A stratospheric intrusion can occur by poleward motion in the uppermost troposphere (accelerated by inertial instability), overriding a thin layer of stratospheric air. Inertial instability also plays a key role in poleward momentum surges and jet flare-ups. It has also been found that inertial instability plays a key role in STE associated with tropical cyclones.Further modeling and observational studies of the role of inertial instability in UTLS near both midlatitude and tropical cyclones will be undertaken in this study. The role of inertial instability in STE, both around the periphery and near convective maxima, with a focus on the relationship between convective potential vorticity dipoles and inertial instability in the UTLS, will be examined. The climatological occurrence and distribution of inertial instability in the UTLS and its relation to other features of midlatitude cyclones will be calculated using 37 years (1979-2015) of Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) data. Composite analysis will be used to relate the locations of inertial instability to other aspects of cyclones, including jet locations and air mass pathways. Products will include charts and sections depicting the location and occurrence of inertial instability in the context of transport pathways.