Collaborative Research: Observations of High-energy Radiation Associated with Thunderstorms

合作研究:与雷暴相关的高能辐射观测

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1565606
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 7.43万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2016-05-01 至 2020-04-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The project will conduct a series of field campaigns to observe phenomena producing high-energy radiation in thunderstorms. These include terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs), long-lived gamma-ray glows observed in many parts of the thunderstorm charge structure, and x-rays associated with the stepping of lightning leaders. The overall strategy is to locate probing sensors in or near the high-field regions where these emissions are primarily generated. The sensors to be used include two gamma-ray instruments developed at the University of California, Santa Cruz, under previous NSF awards, as well as sensors provided by our collaborators that sense lightning remotely via static and dynamic electric and magnetic fields. Intellectual Merit:All the phenomena under study were discovered within the last 30 years or so, with research only becoming widespread in the last decade. Some of the many open questions that will be addressed by this project include: whether downward TGFs occur in natural lightning, whether glows (an avalanche of relativistic electrons) contribute significantly to the discharging of thunderstorms, and whether positive lightning leaders emit x-rays and low-energy gamma rays the way negative leaders do. The primary advantage the field measurements have over others are 1) the proximity of the detection sites to the radiation sources to be studied (thundercloud charge centers and lightning leaders); and 2) the high time resolution and throughput capabilities of the detectors.Broader Impacts:The selected field sites (an urban tower in Canada, a region of very low altitude storms in Japan, and a very high altitude site in Mexico) represent the three situations in which it is at least feasible that downward TGFs might produce high enough radiation fields at the ground to represent a public safety issue (upward TGFs seen from space produce dangerous levels of radioactivity within thunderclouds at 10--15~km altitudes). Thus this program should allay (or justify) any concern about radiation at ground level nearly comprehensively. Significant participation from undergraduate and graduate students, including first-generation and otherwise underserved undergraduates, is part of the program.
该项目将进行一系列实地活动,以观察雷暴中产生高能辐射的现象。 这些包括地面伽马射线闪光(TGFs),在雷暴电荷结构的许多部分观察到的长寿命伽马射线辉光,以及与闪电先导步进相关的X射线。 总体策略是将探测传感器定位在这些发射主要产生的高场区域中或附近。将使用的传感器包括两个伽马射线仪器开发的加州大学,圣克鲁斯,根据以前的NSF奖项,以及传感器提供的我们的合作者通过静态和动态电场和磁场远程感应闪电。学术价值:所有正在研究的现象都是在过去30年左右的时间里发现的,研究只是在过去十年中才变得普遍。该项目将解决的许多悬而未决的问题包括:向下的TGF是否发生在自然闪电中,辉光(相对论电子的雪崩)是否对雷暴的放电有显着贡献,以及正闪电先导是否像负先导那样发射X射线和低能伽马射线。现场测量的主要优点是:1)探测点靠近待研究的辐射源(雷暴云电荷中心和闪电先导); 2)探测器的高时间分辨率和吞吐量能力。选定的实地地点(加拿大的一座城市塔楼,日本的一个非常低海拔的风暴地区,和墨西哥的一个高海拔地区)代表了三种情况,在这些情况下,向下的TGF至少可能在地面产生足够高的辐射场,以代表公共安全问题(从太空看到的向上的TGF在10- 15公里高度的雷暴云内产生危险的放射性水平)。因此,这项计划应该几乎全面地减轻(或证明)对地面辐射的任何担忧。从本科生和研究生的显着参与,包括第一代和其他服务不足的本科生,是该计划的一部分。

项目成果

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Steven Cummer其他文献

Steven Cummer的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Steven Cummer', 18)}}的其他基金

Collaborative Research: CEDAR: Investigation of Gigantic Jets, Their Ionospheric Effects, and How They Couple the Troposphere and Ionosphere
合作研究:CEDAR:研究巨型喷流、其电离层效应以及它们如何耦合对流层和电离层
  • 批准号:
    2230385
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 7.43万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Continent-Scale Low Frequency Lightning Remote Sensing
大陆尺度低频闪电遥感
  • 批准号:
    2026304
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 7.43万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Engineering Exceptional Points for Sound Control with Non-Hermitian Acoustic Metasurfaces
合作研究:利用非厄米特声学超表面设计声音控制的特殊点
  • 批准号:
    1951106
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 7.43万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Airborne Detector for Energetic Lightning Emissions (ADELE) Operations on the Hurricane and Severe Storm Sentinel
合作研究:机载高能闪电发射探测器 (ADELE) 在飓风和强风暴哨兵上的运行
  • 批准号:
    1153549
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 7.43万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Remote Lightning Current and Charge Measurements
远程雷电流和电荷测量
  • 批准号:
    1047588
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 7.43万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
CEDAR: Global and Local Measurements of Lightning-Mesosphere Interactions
CEDAR:闪电-中间层相互作用的全球和局部测量
  • 批准号:
    1042198
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 7.43万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Remote Measurements of Lightning Current and Charge Transfer with Low Frequency ElectroMagnetic (EM) Sensors
使用低频电磁 (EM) 传感器远程测量雷电流和电荷传输
  • 批准号:
    0642757
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 资助金额:
    $ 7.43万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Large Scale Lower Ionosphere Remote Sensing
大规模低电离层遥感
  • 批准号:
    0634661
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 资助金额:
    $ 7.43万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
CEDAR: Quantitative Measurements of Lightning-Mesosphere Interactions from Remote Electromagnetic Fields
CEDAR:远程电磁场闪电-中间层相互作用的定量测量
  • 批准号:
    0436585
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 7.43万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Novel Remote Measurements and Analysis of Continuing Lightning Current
持续雷电流的新型远程测量和分析
  • 批准号:
    0221968
  • 财政年份:
    2002
  • 资助金额:
    $ 7.43万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant

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