Support for the Archaeometry Laboratory at MURR

对 MURR 考古实验室的支持

• 批准号: 1621158
• 负责人: Jeffrey Ferguson
• 金额: $ 38.29万
• 依托单位: University of Missouri-Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-01 至 2020-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1621158&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Support; Archaeometry; Laboratory; MURR

With National Science Foundation (NSF) support, the Archaeometry Laboratory at the University of Missouri Research Reactor (MURR) is a world leader in compositional analysis of archaeological materials like ceramics, chert, obsidian, and metals. Such chemical analyses are essential pieces of evidence used by archaeologists to investigate the technology, economics, social and political organization, identity, and religious practices in ancient societies. Understanding past human behavior can inform modern efforts to address issues such as population movement, resource exploitation, group interaction, and internal group social stress. The long-term success of the Archaeometry Laboratory has resulted in an unparalleled database of artifact and raw material chemical compositions that greatly enhance the explanatory power of future analytical studies as well as provide the raw material for large-scale research projects using existing data. The laboratory is able to support a wide variety of projects and numerous students, researchers, and visiting scholars every year, and contributes to knowledge diffusion through close scientific collaborations between MURR staff and outside researchers, student education, and professional publications. The MURR Archaeometry Laboratory focuses on elemental and isotopic analysis in order to examine the production, exchange, and movement of a broad variety of artifacts including ceramics, lithics, and metals, using neutron activation analysis (NAA), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) including a laser ablation system and a multi-collector. The laboratory also supports geochemical research on the petrogenesis of various igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. Broader impacts of the Archaeometry Laboratory at MURR include: (1) availability of affordable chemical and isotopic analyses for students and faculty from academic departments in the US; (2) training of undergraduate and graduate students in the selection and use of laboratory methods of analysis; (3) advice in project design, statistical analysis, and interpretation of the chemical and isotopic data; and (4) public access by archaeologists, geologists, and scientists from many disciplines to the compositional database.

在美国国家科学基金会（NSF）的支持下，密苏里州大学研究反应堆（穆尔）的考古实验室在陶瓷、燧石、黑曜石和金属等考古材料的成分分析方面处于世界领先地位。这些化学分析是考古学家用来调查古代社会的技术、经济、社会和政治组织、身份和宗教习俗的重要证据。了解过去的人类行为可以为解决人口流动，资源开发，群体互动和内部群体社会压力等问题的现代努力提供信息。 考古实验室的长期成功导致了一个无与伦比的人工制品和原材料化学成分数据库，大大提高了未来分析研究的解释力，并为使用现有数据的大规模研究项目提供了原材料。该实验室每年能够支持各种各样的项目和众多的学生，研究人员和访问学者，并通过穆尔工作人员和外部研究人员，学生教育和专业出版物之间的密切科学合作促进知识传播。穆尔考古实验室专注于元素和同位素分析，以检查各种文物的生产，交换和运动，包括陶瓷，石器和金属，使用中子活化分析（NAA），X射线荧光（XRF）和电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS），包括激光消融系统和多收集器。该实验室还支持对各种火成岩、变质岩和沉积岩的岩石成因进行地球化学研究。穆尔考古学实验室的更广泛的影响包括：（1）为美国学术部门的学生和教师提供负担得起的化学和同位素分析;（2）在选择和使用实验室分析方法方面对本科生和研究生进行培训;（3）在项目设计、统计分析和解释化学和同位素数据方面提供建议;以及（4）考古学家、地质学家和来自许多学科的科学家对成分数据库的公开访问。