Field and Laboratory Study of Rural Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Oxidation and Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) Formation Utilizing Measurements of Formaldehyde and Glyoxal

利用甲醛和乙二醛的测量对农村挥发性有机化合物 (VOC) 氧化和二次有机气溶胶 (SOA) 形成进行现场和实验室研究

• 批准号: 1628530
• 负责人: Frank Keutsch
• 金额: $ 8.9万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-01 至 2018-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1628530&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Field; Laboratory; Study; Rural; Volatile

Aerosol and ozone (O3) affect human health, the environment, and climate. Oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), in particular via the hydroxyl radical (OH), is directly coupled to the formation of O3 and it contributes to secondary organic aerosol (SOA), an important component of ambient aerosol. As part of the Southern Oxidant and Aerosol Study (SOAS) the principal investigators (PIs) planned comprehensive laboratory and field studies focused on improving the detailed mechanistic understanding of the processes controlling OH and isoprene, the most important VOC, especially in rural environments. A goal is to specifically study the anthropogenic impact on biogenic VOC (BVOC) oxidation and resulting SOA formation. The project addresses the following questions: 1) How well do current mechanisms represent VOC oxidation, especially for isoprene, and in particular under low-NO conditions? 2) How well do current mechanisms/models represent OH photochemistry in view of recent findings of potential measurement interferences? 3) What are the dominant mechanisms of anthropogenic influence on rural VOC oxidation and resulting O3 and SOA formation? This research is designed to contribute ultimately to improved prediction of secondary pollutant effects from precursor emissions, and an improved ability to mitigate the anthropogenic effects of emissions on climate, human health, and the environment. The PIs also will develop a Library of Organic Standards for Atmospheric Chemistry (OSAC) that will be a publicly available online database aimed at enabling improved access to starting materials for laboratory studies and standards for calibrations.

气溶胶和臭氧（O3）影响人类健康、环境和气候。挥发性有机化合物（VOC）的氧化，特别是经由羟基自由基（OH）的氧化，直接与O3的形成相关联，并且其有助于二次有机气溶胶（SOA），二次有机气溶胶是环境气溶胶的重要组分。作为南方氧化剂和气溶胶研究（SOAS）的一部分，主要研究人员（PI）计划进行全面的实验室和现场研究，重点是提高对控制OH和异戊二烯（最重要的VOC）过程的详细机械理解，特别是在农村环境中。一个目标是专门研究人为对生物源VOC（BVOC）氧化和由此产生的SOA形成的影响。该项目解决了以下问题：1）目前的机制如何代表VOC氧化，特别是异戊二烯，特别是在低NO条件下？2)如何以及目前的机制/模型代表OH光化学鉴于最近的调查结果的潜在测量干扰？3)人为因素对农村VOC氧化和O3及SOA形成的影响主要机制是什么？这项研究的目的是最终有助于改善预测的二次污染物的影响，从前体排放，并提高能力，以减轻人为排放对气候，人类健康和环境的影响。PI还将开发一个大气化学有机标准图书馆（OSAC），这将是一个公开的在线数据库，旨在改善对实验室研究起始材料和校准标准的访问。