Collaborative Research: Dimensions: Diversification of sensory systems in novel habitats: enhanced vision or compensation in other modalities?

合作研究：维度：新栖息地中感觉系统的多样化：增强视力还是以其他方式补偿？

• 批准号: 1638861
• 负责人: Johann Hofmann
• 金额: $ 32.5万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-10-01 至 2021-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1638861&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Dimensions; Diversification; sensory

Understanding what helps and hinders rapid adaptation is crucial to predict organism responses to changing environments. Iceland's dynamic landscape provides a natural laboratory of fast-paced changes shaped by glaciers, volcanoes, and severe oceanic storms. The focus of this project is marine stickleback fish that have colonized multiple freshwater lakes, and thus have evolved in waters differing dramatically in clarity. The research examines sensory system evolution to ask if eyes get better at seeing in murky water, or if fish instead evolve better senses of smell and touch. The project identifies how genes and environment contribute to sensory system adaptation in different environments. The project gives young scientists cutting-edge training in multiple disciplines, generating a scientific workforce to help deal with large-scale environmental issues our society faces. Outreach efforts in museums and schools educate young and old alike on evolutionary changes driven by environmental change.This research studies adaptation of sight, smell, and touch in extreme sensory environments. It assesses how differences in sensory systems affect survival from predators in murky glacial and clear lakes. The research reveals how genetic variation and gene expression differ, and reconstructs the history of colonization and the extent of parallel evolution of these traits in multiple lakes. It also uses transplant experiments to evaluate the extent of plasticity in sensory systems. This research combines the phenotypic and functional with the genetic dimensions of biodiversity, all within a historical context. Each dimension informs the other to help understand sensory adaptation.

了解什么有助于和阻碍快速适应对于预测生物体对不断变化的环境的反应至关重要。冰岛动态的景观提供了一个由冰川、火山和严重海洋风暴塑造的快节奏变化的天然实验室。该项目的重点是海洋刺鱼，它们已经在多个淡水湖中繁衍生息，因此在透明度差异巨大的水域中进化。该研究检查了感觉系统的进化，以了解眼睛在浑浊的水中是否能看得更清楚，或者鱼是否进化出了更好的嗅觉和触觉。该项目确定了基因和环境如何促进感觉系统在不同环境中的适应。该项目为年轻科学家提供多学科的前沿培训，培养一支科学队伍，帮助解决我们社会面临的大规模环境问题。博物馆和学校的宣传工作对年轻人和老年人进行教育，让他们了解环境变化驱动的进化变化。这项研究研究了极端感官环境中视觉、嗅觉和触觉的适应。它评估了感觉系统的差异如何影响浑浊的冰川和清澈的湖泊中捕食者的生存。该研究揭示了遗传变异和基因表达的差异，并重建了殖民历史以及这些性状在多个湖泊中平行进化的程度。它还使用移植实验来评估感觉系统的可塑性程度。这项研究将生物多样性的表型和功能与遗传维度结合起来，所有这些都在历史背景下进行。每个维度都相互告知，以帮助理解感官适应。

项目成果

Coevolution of Genome Architecture and Social Behavior

基因组结构与社会行为的协同进化

• DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2019.04.011
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Trends in Ecology & Evolution
• 影响因子: 16.8
• 作者: Rubenstein, Dustin R.;Ågren, J. Arvid;Carbone, Lucia;Elde, Nels C.;Hoekstra, Hopi E.;Kapheim, Karen M.;Keller, Laurent;Moreau, Corrie S.;Toth, Amy L.;Yeaman, Sam
• 通讯作者: Yeaman, Sam