EAGER: IPRoduct: A Database of Linked Products-intellectual Property Rights

该项目将把在美国经济中销售的创新产品与它们所基于的专利联系起来。通过直接将专利与产品联系起来，该项目跟踪创新，直到它与消费者接触，这是科学投资的真正商业终点。这个项目提供了一个新的工具，可以更系统地展示科学的广度、联邦资金的作用以及它们对日常生活的综合影响。该项目使人们更好地了解知识产权如何影响经济，并提供了一种估计这种影响的程度的手段。该项目的成果是将公开提供的相关专利-产品对的试点数据库。这样的数据库的制作从来没有如此大规模的尝试，但有望极大地提高我们对创新的理解。该数据库的建设利用了2011年《莱希-史密斯美国发明法》中引入的虚拟专利标记(VPM)法规。根据该法案，专利权人可以向公众发出他们的产品获得专利的通知。该项目创建的软件能够识别网站的VPM部分，并解析产品专利链接以填充数据库。第二项任务涉及通过将专利连接到PATSTAT全球专利数据库和汤森路透来丰富基础数据。Web of Science数据库通过在专利文献中引用现有技术。该项目将用有关公司、商标和产品价格的信息来增强基础数据，并识别提到政府利益声明的专利文件，这些文件表明一项发明是联邦资助的结果。这些数据为其他研究科学和知识产权政策的真正影响提供了基础。

The project will link innovative goods sold in the U.S. economy to the patents upon which they are based. By directly linking patents to products, this project tracks innovation to the point where it meets consumers, the true commercial end point of investments in science. This project provides a new tool for demonstrating in a more systematic manner the breadth of science, the role of federal funding, and their combined impact on everyday life. The project generates a better understanding of how intellectual property impacts the economy, as well as provide a means of estimating the magnitude of that impact. The output of the project is a pilot database of linked patent-product pairs that will be made publicly available. The production of such a database has never been attempted on such a large scale before, yet promises to greatly improve our understanding of innovation.The construction of the database exploits the virtual patent marking (VPM) statute introduced in the 2011 Leahy-Smith America Invents Act. Under that act, patentees may give notice to the public that their product is patented. The project creates software that is able to identify VPM sections of websites and to parse the product-patent links to populate the database. A second task involves enriching the base data by connecting patents to the PATSTAT worldwide patent database and to Thomson Reuters? Web of Science database through cited prior art in the patent documents. The project will augment the base data with information on firms, trademark and product price and to identify patent documents mention the government interest statements, which indicate that an invention is the result of federal funding. These data provide the basis for other studies on the real impact of science and intellectual property policy.