CRII: CPS: Minimizing the Oracle Problem for Self-Adaptive Cyber-Physical Systems

该项目研究如何确保自适应网络物理系统（SA-CPS）在执行时正确运行。 SA-CPS可以在运行时重新配置自己，以减轻不可预见的情况，其中示例SA-CPS是通过自动调整其驾驶策略以避免结冰来对意外道路状况做出反应的自动驾驶车辆。 因此，必须对系统进行测试，以确保其在重新配置后正确运行。 本项目将提供技术，以确保已正确推导出SA-CPS的验证和确认策略，并且任何未来的调整均正确符合其原始要求。 这项研究将通过提供测试神谕（即，确定测试是否通过或失败的软件）;在设计时和运行时验证和确认自适应测试预言机;以及提供自适应预言机和软件需求之间的可跟踪性。 这三点结合在一起，将确保测试用例和Oracle可以在整个生命周期内有效地验证正在运行的系统。 这项工作将在真实的硬件上进行演示，以表明软件验证和确认可以共同增强系统保证以及公众对SA-CPS的感知和信任。该项目将确保软件测试神谕得到验证和确认，以确保在SA-CPS上正确执行任何软件确认活动。 从这个项目中获得的知识将发表在备受推崇的会议/期刊上，所有工件和结果都将发布到GitHub和NSF的CPS虚拟组织（CPS-VO）。 还将通过一系列旨在教育公众了解CPS的博客文章公开分享信息。 该项目还将培训研究生，结果将在CPS研究生课程中展示，并将其提炼成夏令营，向K-12学生介绍嵌入式编程。

This project investigates how to ensure that self-adaptive cyber-physical systems (SA-CPS) function correctly as they execute. An SA-CPS can reconfigure itself, at run time, to mitigate unforeseen circumstances, where an example SA-CPS is an autonomous vehicle that reacts to unexpected road conditions by automatically adjusting its driving strategy to avoid an icy patch. Therefore, the system must be tested to ensure that it operates correctly following a reconfiguration. This project will provide techniques for ensuring that verification and validation strategies for an SA-CPS have been derived correctly and that any future adaptations are correct with respect to its original requirements. This research will enhance assurance for SA-CPSs by providing test oracles (i.e., software that determines if a test passes or fails) that adapt alongside an executing system; verifying and validating adaptive test oracles at design time and run time; and providing traceability between adaptive oracles and software requirements. Together, these three points will ensure that both test cases and oracles can effectively validate a running system throughout its lifetime. This work will be demonstrated on real hardware to show that together, software verification and validation can enhance system assurance as well as public perception and trust in SA-CPSs.This project will ensure that software test oracles are verified and validated to ensure that any software validation activities are being correctly performed on SA-CPS. The knowledge gained from this project will be published in highly-regarded conferences/journals and all artifacts and results released to GitHub and NSF's CPS Virtual Organization (CPS-VO). Information will also be shared publicly through a series of blog posts intended to educate the public on CPSs. This project will also train graduate students, results will be presented in a graduate class on CPS, and distilled into summer camps to introduce K-12 students to embedded programming.