Collaborative Research: RUI: A High resolution Paleontological, Ichnological, and Chemostratigraphic Study of Late Devonian Mass Extinctions

瑞，合作研究：晚泥盆世大灭绝的高分辨率古生物学、遗迹和化学地层学研究，戴安娜·博耶，EAR-1348981，纽约州立大学奥斯威戈·戈登·洛夫，EAR-1348988，大学。加州河畔岩石记录保存了生命历史中过去事件的详细历史，了解这些事件，特别是不寻常的生物周转事件，是至关重要的，特别是在我们目前面临多样性危机的时候。在整个地质历史中，曾发生过许多大规模的大灭绝事件，尽管人们进行了广泛的研究，但就成因机制而言，晚泥盆世的弗拉斯尼亚-法门期大灭绝事件仍然是个谜。尽管已经提出了许多杀死机制，但人们普遍认为海洋缺氧是一个主要因素，部分原因是富含有机物质的黑色页岩的普遍存在。这项研究将测试与劳伦斯盆地中保存的几个生物周转事件相关的广泛缺氧和/或普遍存在的正辛酸(硫化物水柱)条件。PIS将使用高空间分辨率的综合古生物学、无机地球化学和类脂生物标志物方法，重建古代微生物和后生动物来源生物输入的长期变化，以及这些古代浅海航道中的海洋氧化还原结构。他们将测试灭绝事件的大小和时间与氧和普遍存在的正辛应力模式之间的相关性。结合古生物学和地球化学指标在精细尺度上识别黑色页岩相的底水氧水平的作用已经实现(Boyer等人，2011年)，但尚未用于理解生命历史上重大事件的动力学。我们对北美晚泥盆世生物圈和环境演化的新认识将提供信息并指导未来在生物地球化学、古生物学/古生物学、进化生物学和海洋-大气演化方面的工作。这项研究的中心是有机和无机地球化学方法与古生物学在广泛的野外模板中的独特桥梁，以产生跨越晚泥盆世大灭绝事件及其后果的高分辨率生物和化学地层学记录。这项研究提案的核心是通过直接参与研究项目或通过各种外联活动，培训和教育UCR和纽约州立大学奥斯威戈分校的一批有才华的研究生、本科生和K-12学校的学生，其中许多人来自代表人数较少的族裔群体。

RUI, Collaborative Research: A High resolution Paleontological, Ichnological, and Chemostratigraphic Study of Late Devonian Mass ExtinctionsbyDiana Boyer, EAR-1348981, SUNY OswegoGordon Love, EAR-1348988, Univ. California, RiversideABSTRACTThe rock record preserves a detailed history of past events in life history, and understanding these events, particularly episodes of unusual biotic turnover, is of paramount importance, particularly in this time of our current diversity crises. There have been many large scale extinction events throughout geologic history, and despite extensive study, the Late Devonian mass extinction events in the Frasnian-Famennian still remain enigmatic in terms of a causal mechanism. Although numerous kill mechanisms have been proposed, marine anoxia is widely thought to be a major contributing factor, in part because of the pervasiveness of organic-rich black shale. This study will test for extensive anoxic and/or pervasive euxinic (sulfidic water column) conditions associated with several biotic turnover events preserved in a Laurentian basin. PIs will use an integrated paleontological, inorganic geochemical, and lipid biomarker approach performed at high spatial resolution to reconstruct secular changes in ancient microbial and metazoan source organism inputs, and marine redox structure in these ancient epeiric seaways. They will test for a correlation between the magnitude and timing of extinction events and patterns of oxygen and euxinic stress which prevailed.The utility of combining paleontological and geochemical proxies to recognize bottom water oxygen levels on a fine-scale in black shale facies has been realized (Boyer et al., 2011), but not yet applied to understand the dynamics of major events in the history of life. The new light we are shedding on Late Devonian biospheric and environmental evolution in North America will inform and direct future work in biogeochemistry, paleontology/paleobiology, evolutionary biology, and ocean-atmosphere evolution. Central to this research is a unique bridging of organic and inorganic geochemical methods with paleontology within a broad field-based template to yield high-resolution bio- and chemostratigraphic records that span the Late Devonian mass extinction events and their aftermath. At the heart of this research proposal is the training and education of a group of talented graduate, undergraduate and K-12 school students in the geosciences at UCR and SUNY Oswego, many from underrepresented ethnic groups, through a combination of direct involvement in the research project or through a variety of outreach ventures.