Nuclear Astrophysics With Heavy Ions

重离子核天体物理学

• 批准号: 1712832
• 负责人: Michael Famiano
• 金额: $ 42万
• 依托单位: Western Michigan University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-01 至 2021-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1712832&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Nuclear; Astrophysics; Heavy; Ions

The origin of the elements remains one of the most important questions in science today. Closely tied to this are questions of stellar burning and the characteristics of dense nuclear matter. This award will address these questions directly. Specifically, the two PIs and the students working with them will explore how heavy elements were formed in stellar environments, determine constraints on the characteristics of dense nuclear matter, and measure the fission barriers of exotic nuclei far from stability. The data collected will also help to resolve the discrepancies between theoretical calculations. The PIs will provide direct training to both undergraduate and graduate students in a wide range of skills and techniques, which will prepare the students for challenging and important careers in STEM fields. The central questions addressed by the proposed work are: (1) Does the r-process include a region of nuclear shape co-existence at N ~ 74? Measurement of nuclear masses near the r-process path is vital in understanding the systematics of r-process evolution, which is responsible for the production of nearly all nuclei heavier than iron. (2) What is the symmetry term of the nuclear equation-of-state at densities and asymmetries approaching those of neutron stars? This plays a vital role in the understanding of many aspects of neutron stars, such as their sizes, moments of inertia, cooling rates, and the thickness of their inner crusts. (3) What are the fission probabilities of nuclei near the termination of the r-process path? This question is critical in understanding the termination of the astrophysical r-process and constraining any fission cycling therein. Experiments to explore these questions have already been approved at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory.

元素的起源仍然是当今科学中最重要的问题之一。与此密切相关的是恒星燃烧的问题和密集的核物质的特征。该奖项将直接解决这些问题。 具体而言，两个PI和与他们一起工作的学生将探讨如何在恒星环境中形成重元素，确定对密集核物质特征的限制，并测量远离稳定性的外来核的裂变屏障。 收集的数据还将有助于解决理论计算之间的差异。 PI将向本科和研究生提供各种技能和技术的直接培训，这将使学生在STEM领域的具有挑战性和重要职业做好准备。 拟议的工作提出的主要问题是：（1）R-Process是否在N〜74中包括一个核形状的区域？ R-Process路径附近的核质量的测量对于理解R过程演化的系统学至关重要，R-Process进化的系统是导致几乎所有比铁重的核的产生。 （2）核方程在密度和不对称的核方程式接近中子星的对称项是什么？这在理解中子恒星的许多方面（例如它们的大小，惯性矩，冷却速率和内皮的厚度）中起着至关重要的作用。 （3）在R过程终止附近的核的裂变概率是多少？这个问题对于理解天体物理R过程的终止和限制其中任何裂变的终止至关重要。 探索这些问题的实验已经在国家超导回旋实验室已批准。

项目成果

Value-Assigned Pulse Shape Discrimination for Neutron Detectors

中子探测器的赋值脉冲形状辨别

• DOI: 10.1109/tns.2021.3091126
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
• 影响因子: 1.8
• 作者: Teh, F. C.;Lee, J.-W.;Zhu, K.;Brown, K. W.;Chajecki, Z.;Lynch, W. G.;Tsang, M. B.;Anthony, A.;Barney, J.;Dell'Aquila, D.
• 通讯作者: Dell'Aquila, D.

Calibration of large neutron detection arrays using cosmic rays

• DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2020.163826
• 发表时间: 2020-07
• 期刊: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment
• 影响因子: 1.4
• 作者: K. Zhu;M. Tsang;D. Dell’Aquila;K. W. Brown;Z. Chajecki;W. G. Lynch;S. Sweany;F. Teh;C. Tsang;C. Anderson;A. Anthony;J. Barney;J. Crosby;J. Estee;I. Gašparić;G. Jhang;O. Khanal;S. Kodali;J. Manfredi;C. Niu;R. Wang

Probing the Symmetry Term of the Nuclear Equation of State at High Baryonic Densities

• DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/863/1/012059
• 发表时间: 2017-07
• 期刊: Journal of Physics: Conference Series
• 作者: P. Russotto;L. Acosta;M. Adamczyk;A. Al-Ajlan;M. Al-Garawi;S. Al-Homaidhi;F. Amorini;L. Auditore;T. Aumann;Y. Ayyad;Z. Basrak;J. Benlliure;M. Boisjoli;K. Boretzky;J. Brzychczyk;A. Budzanowski;C. Caesar;G. Cardella;P. Cammarata;Z. Chajecki;M. Chartier;A. Chbihi;M. Colonna;M. D. Cozma;B. Czech;E. De Filippo;M. Di Toro;M. Famiano;S. Gannon;I. Gašparić;L. Grassi;C. Guazzoni;P. Guazzoni;M. Heil;L. Heilborn;R. Introzzi;T. Isobe;K. Kezzar;M. Kis;A. Krasznahorkay;S. Kupny;N. Kurz;E. La Guidara;G. Lanzalone;P. Lasko;A. Le Fèvre;Y. Leifels;R. Lemmon;Qf Li;I. Lombardo;J. Łukasik;W. G. Lynch;P. Marini;Z. Matthews;L. May;T. Minniti;M. Mostazo;A. Pagano;E. Pagano;M. Papa;P. Pawlowski;S. Pirrone;G. Politi;F. Porto;W. Reviol;F. Riccio;F. Rizzo;E. Rosato;D. Rossi;S. Santoro;D. Sarantites;H. Simon;I. Skwirczýnska;Z. Sosin;L. Stuhl;W. Trautmann;A. Trifirò;M. Trimarchi;M. Tsang;G. Verde;M. Veselský;M. Vigilante;Yongjia Wang;A. Wieloch;P. Wigg;J. Winkelbauer;H. Wolter;P. Wu;S. Yennello;P. Zambon;L. Zetta;M. Zorić

Constraining the symmetry energy with heavy-ion collisions and Bayesian analyses

• DOI: 10.1016/j.physletb.2019.135045
• 发表时间: 2017-09
• 期刊: Physics Letters B
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: P. Morfouace;C. Tsang;Yingxun Zhang;W. G. Lynch;M. Tsang;D. Coupland;M. Youngs;Z. Chajecki;M. Famiano;T. Ghosh;G. Jhang;Jenny Lee;H. Liu;A. Sanetullaev;R. Showalter;J. Winkelbauer

Non-linearity effects on the light-output calibration of light charged particles in CsI(Tl) scintillator crystals

• DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2019.03.065
• 发表时间: 2019-02
• 期刊: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
• 作者: D. Dell’Aquila;S. Sweany;K. W. Brown;Z. Chajecki;W. G. Lynch;F. Teh;C. Tsang;M. Tsang;K. Zhu;C. Anderson;A. Anthony;S. Barlini;J. Barney;A. Camaiani;G. Jhang;J. Crosby;J. Estee;M. Ghazali;F. Guan;O. Khanal;S. Kodali;I. Lombardo;J. Manfredi;L. Morelli;P. Morfouace;C. Niu;G. Verde