Collaborative Research: A Tale of Dwarf Galaxies and Giant Galaxies: Connecting the Smallest and the Largest Galaxies to Their Dark Matter Halos

合作研究：矮星系和巨型星系的故事：将最小和最大的星系与其暗物质晕连接起来

• 批准号: 1713828
• 负责人: Jenny Greene
• 金额: $ 25.34万
• 依托单位: Princeton University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2021-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1713828&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Tale; Dwarf; Galaxies

Astronomers seek to understand how galaxies form and evolve. The luminous matter in galaxies such as our own galaxy (the Milky Way) resides within more extensive halos of dark matter. Although the nature of dark matter is still unknown, its effects due to gravity can be studied. Astronomers use simulations to predict how dark matter halos evolve. They use indirect means to infer its presence among observed galaxies. However, the relationship between these dark matter halos and their host galaxies is still uncertain. Our understanding is weakest for the very lowest mass galaxies and for the highest mass galaxies. Leauthaud and collaborators will explore both extremes in this innovative observational research program. Using a new, high resolution imaging survey, they will measure the dark matter halos for tens of thousands of galaxies. They will compare dark matter to the profiles of luminous matter. They will focus on dwarf galaxies and giant galaxies where observations are most needed. This research will lead to new insights into the relationship between dark matter and luminous matter. Outreach from this proposal will include summer training in statistical and computational methods for undergraduates as part of established programs at Princeton and UC-Santa Cruz. The Princeton program will work with the National Astronomy Consortium to recruit students from minority and underserved populations. The UC-Santa Cruz program will recruit students through Hartnell College, a neighboring Hispanic serving institution. Together these activities will broaden participation in science among historically underrepresented groups.This proposal will advance our understanding of the stellar mass ? halo mass relation that describes the relationship between ordinary matter and dark matter in galaxies. Indirect detection of dark matter will be made via weak lensing using data from the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) survey on the Subaru 8.2m telescope at Mauna Kea. This project will advance the state-of-the-art for such weak lensing measurements. In addition, due to the large area of this survey, HSC will detect rare and extremely massive galaxies ( 1011.5 Msun) that lie at the heart of the largest dark matter halos. This proposal will identify tens of thousands of such massive galaxies and perform weak lensing measurements on them. It will also study large numbers of dwarf galaxies ( 109 Msun) via weak lensing. Together these studies will reveal the relationship between luminous matter and dark matter for both low and high mass galaxies. It is in these extremes of the mass range where new measurements are most needed to resolve discrepancies with theoretical models.

天文学家试图了解星系如何形成和发展。 我们自己的星系（银河系）等星系中的发光物质位于更广泛的暗物质中。 尽管暗物质的性质仍然未知，但可以研究其由于重力引起的影响。 天文学家使用仿真来预测暗物质光环的发展。 他们使用间接手段来推断其在观察到的星系中的存在。 但是，这些暗物质光环与其宿主星系之间的关系仍然不确定。 对于最低的质量星系和最高的质量星系，我们的理解是最弱的。 Leauthaud和合作者将在此创新的观察研究计划中探索这两个极端。 使用新的高分辨率成像调查，它们将测量成千上万个星系的暗物质光环。 他们将将暗物质与发光物质的曲线进行比较。 他们将专注于最需要观测的矮星系和巨大的星系。 这项研究将导致对暗物质与发光物质之间关系的新见解。 该提案的宣传将包括在普林斯顿和加州大学圣克鲁斯分校既定计划的一部分中接受统计和计算方法的夏季培训。 普林斯顿计划将与国家天文学联盟合作，以招募少数民族和服务不足的学生。 UC-Santa Cruz计划将通过邻近西班牙裔服务机构Hartnell College招募学生。 这些活动共同扩大了历史上代表性不足的群体的科学的参与。这项提议会提高我们对恒星群众的理解吗？光晕质量关系描述了星系中普通物质与暗物质之间的关系。 使用弱透镜，使用Subaru 820万Mauna Kea的Subaru 820万望远镜调查中的数据，通过弱透镜进行间接检测暗物质。 该项目将推进这种弱透镜测量的最新方法。 此外，由于这项调查的大面积，HSC将检测到最大的暗物质光环核心的稀有星系（1011.5 msun）。 该提案将确定成千上万的大型星系，并对它们进行薄弱的镜头测量。 它还将通过弱透镜研究大量矮星系（109 MSUN）。 这些研究将共同​​揭示低质量星系和高质量星系之间发光物质与暗物质之间的关系。 正是在质量范围的这些极端中，最需要新的测量来解决理论模型的差异。

项目成果

A detection of the environmental dependence of the sizes and stellar haloes of massive central galaxies

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/sty1136
• 发表时间: 2018-03
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Song Huang;A. Leauthaud;J. Greene;K. Bundy;Yen-Ting Lin;Masayuki Tanaka;R. Mandelbaum;S. Miyazaki;Y. Komiyama

Sumo Puff: Tidal Debris or Disturbed Ultra-Diffuse Galaxy?

• DOI: 10.1093/pasj/psx051
• 发表时间: 2017-04
• 期刊: arXiv: Astrophysics of Galaxies

Using Surface Brightness Fluctuations to Study nearby Satellite Galaxy Systems: The Complete Satellite System of M101

利用表面亮度波动研究附近的卫星星系系统：M101 的完整卫星系统

• DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ab24d2
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Carlsten, Scott G.;Beaton, Rachael L.;Greco, Johnny P.;Greene, Jenny E.
• 通讯作者: Greene, Jenny E.

A Study of Two Diffuse Dwarf Galaxies in the Field

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aae0f4
• 发表时间: 2018-05
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: J. Greco;A. Goulding;J. Greene;M. Strauss;Song Huang;J. H. Kim;Y. Komiyama

Radial Distributions of Dwarf Satellite Systems in the Local Volume

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abb60b
• 发表时间: 2020-06
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: S. Carlsten;J. Greene;A. Peter;J. Greco;R. Beaton