RAPID Collaborative research: Topographic change and cascading hazards following the November 13th Mw7.8 Kaikoura (New Zealand) earthquake

RAPID 合作研究：11 月 13 日 Mw7.8 凯库拉（新西兰）地震后的地形变化和级联灾害

• 批准号: 1719524
• 负责人: Michael Willis
• 金额: $ 0.62万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-15 至 2019-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1719524&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Collaborative; research; Topographic; change

This Rapid Response Research (RAPID) project will examine the effects of the November 13, 2016, series of earthquakes in the Kaikoura region of New Zealand on faulting and landslide processes. The focus of the effort will be to develop a digital elevation model and time series for this event and conduct field work to evaluate the remote sensing products. The work will complement other urgent response efforts underway in New Zealand following the earthquakes. It will enhance international collaboration among scientists in the United States and New Zealand and meaningfully involve students in the scientific research process.The 4D evolution of topography is critical for understanding faulting and landslide processes. For major events that deform and erode landscapes, such as earthquakes, we lack data at an event scale for understanding such processes because of the prohibitive cost of repeat land and airborne surveys. Existing high-resolution topographic surveys tend to be small in geographic extent, and thus the chance of catching an area before an event is rare and usually limited in scope. However, recent advances in high performance computing coupled with stereo-satellite imagery collection create the opportunity to provide regional scale data that can be processed for high-resolution topography. Such surveys can potentially be repeated with modest resources such that a topographic time series data can be created quickly and relatively inexpensively. Per contracts with the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency and supercomputer centers, the PIs will gain access to the existing stereo imagery and super computer processing time needed to immediately develop and deliver a pre-event, high resolution digital elevation model to all researchers working on this event. This work will contribute to the understanding of landslide hazards after major earthquakes involving complex, multi-fault source mechanisms, and will be readily exportable to the scientific response of other earthquakes at other plate boundary settings.

这个快速反应研究（RAPID）项目将研究2016年11月13日新西兰凯库拉地区发生的一系列地震对断层和滑坡过程的影响。工作的重点将是为这次活动制作数字高程模型和时间序列，并进行实地工作，以评价遥感产品。这项工作将补充地震后新西兰正在进行的其他紧急应对工作。它将加强美国和新西兰科学家之间的国际合作，并有意义地让学生参与科学研究过程。地形的4D演变对于理解断层和滑坡过程至关重要。对于地震等破坏和侵蚀地貌的重大事件，我们缺乏事件规模的数据来了解这些过程，因为重复陆地和空中调查的成本太高。现有的高分辨率地形测量在地理范围上往往很小，因此在事件发生前捕捉到一个地区的机会很少，而且通常范围有限。然而，最近在高性能计算加上立体卫星图像收集方面取得的进展为提供可用于高分辨率地形的区域尺度数据创造了机会。这样的调查可能会重复与适度的资源，使得地形时间序列数据可以创建快速和相对便宜。根据与国家地理空间情报局和超级计算机中心的合同，PI将获得现有的立体图像和超级计算机处理时间，以便立即开发并向所有研究人员提供事件前的高分辨率数字高程模型。这项工作将有助于了解大地震后的滑坡灾害，涉及复杂的，多断层源机制，并将很容易输出到其他板块边界设置的其他地震的科学反应。