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Explaining Variation in University Responses to New Legal Mandates in an Uncertain Legal Environment

解释在不确定的法律环境下大学对新法律授权的反应的变化

基本信息

批准号：
1727491
负责人：
Sandra Levitsky
金额：
$ 46.68万
依托单位：
Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-08-01 至 2023-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1727491&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Explaining Variation University Responses New

项目摘要

This study examines how universities seek to comply with new federal laws in the context of an uncertain legal and social environment. The degree to which universities comply with legal mandates is shaped not only by enforcement agencies, rewards and penalties, but also by public pressure from social movements and the media, the availability of resources, and by a desire to achieve or maintain status in the field of higher education. This research engages important questions about why some schools go well beyond compliance with the law while others seem to struggle to comply. The project will make intellectual contributions to the study of 1) law and organizations and 2) processes of institutional change. Hypotheses for how universities respond to new legal mandates are derived from research on law and organizations. To test these hypotheses, the study will construct and analyze (1) an original quantitative data set capturing the publically available policies of 382 American universities at two points in time, and (2) a secondary data set of independent variables measuring school rank and resources, together with external pressures universities face with regard to litigation, administrative oversight, media attention, and social movement activism. Quantitative analyses will help researchers understand how administrators in higher education make decisions about how -- and to what extent -- they should revise policies and practices to accord with the requirements of laws. The longitudinal research design seeks to capture university responses to new legal mandates over time. The study also involves a set of six in-depth university case studies which will generate further insights into the decision-making processes of administrators.

本研究考察了在不确定的法律和社会环境下，大学如何寻求遵守新的联邦法律。大学遵守法律规定的程度不仅受到执法机构、奖励和惩罚的影响，还受到来自社会运动和媒体的公众压力、资源的可用性以及在高等教育领域取得或保持地位的愿望的影响。这项研究提出了一个重要的问题，即为什么一些学校远远超出了遵守法律的范围，而另一些学校似乎在努力遵守法律。该项目将对以下方面的研究作出智力贡献：1)法律和组织；2)制度变革过程。关于大学如何应对新的法律规定的假设来源于对法律和组织的研究。为了验证这些假设，本研究将构建并分析(1)一个原始的定量数据集，其中包含382所美国大学在两个时间点的公开政策，以及(2)一个由独立变量组成的辅助数据集，该数据集衡量学校排名和资源，以及大学在诉讼、行政监督、媒体关注和社会运动激进主义方面面临的外部压力。定量分析将帮助研究人员了解高等教育的管理者如何决定如何——以及在多大程度上——他们应该修改政策和实践以符合法律的要求。纵向研究设计旨在捕捉随着时间的推移大学对新法律规定的反应。这项研究还包括一套六项深入的大学案例研究，这些研究将对行政人员的决策过程产生进一步的见解。