NRI: FND: COLLAB: Drones and the Design of Public Outdoor Spaces

随着最近的监管变化允许无人机的商业用途，许多新的机会正在出现，特别是在拍摄现场音乐活动，体育赛事的报道，以及创造强大的地标或纪念碑图像等领域。然而，这些技术的进步也导致了无人机爱好者的激增。因此，有越来越多的非法无人机在这些空域飞行的报道，这对地面上的人或在这些空域合法飞行的商业无人机构成了风险。户外公共空间管理者可以从系统的设计指南和技术建议中受益，这些系统可以检测并潜在地减少不必要的无人机入侵，同时保护地面人员和合法无人机。有必要探索在吸引中小型人群的公共区域进行无人机探测和缓解的被动方法，特别是那些负担得起且安全的方法。杜克大学和克莱姆森大学的研究人员通过组建一个由工程师和景观设计师组成的多学科团队，采用系统理论的方法来分析和解决这个问题。这是一个多维度的问题，涉及多个利益相关者，包括场馆管理者、公众和与场馆签订服务合同的合法无人机运营商。将在流程的所有环节涉及关键利益相关者，开发被动无人机探测和缓解系统设计中相互关联的变量模型，包括操作环境、物理和成本限制以及安全和美学考虑。设计原型将被建立和测试。还将制定一套正式的指导方针和设计交易空间，反映一系列被动技术的成本和能力，可供户外公共空间的设计师和管理者使用，他们将越来越多地与这个问题作斗争。

With recent regulatory changes allowing for the commercial use of unmanned aerial vehicles, aka drones, many new opportunities are emerging for public engagement, especially in areas like filming live music events, coverage of sporting events, and creating powerful imagery of landmarks or monuments. However, these technology advancements have also led to a proliferation of hobbyist drones. As a result, there are increasing reports of illegal drones flying in these same spaces, which present a risk to people on the ground or to those commercial drones legitimately flying in the spaces. Outdoor public space managers could benefit from design guidelines and technology recommendations for systems that could detect and potentially mitigate unwanted drone incursions into their spaces while protecting both people on the ground and legitimate drones. There is a need to explore passive approaches to drone detection and mitigation for public areas that attract small to medium sized crowds, particularly those approaches that are affordable and safe. Through assembling a multidisciplinary team of engineers and landscape architects, Duke University and Clemson University researchers take a systems-theoretic approach to analyzing and addressing this problem. Such a problem is multidimensional with multiple stakeholders, including venue managers, the general public, and legitimate drone operators contracted by the venues for services. Involving critical stakeholders at all points in the process, a model of those variables that interrelate in the design of passive drone detection and mitigation systems will be developed, including operating environments, physical and cost constraints, and security and aesthetic considerations. Design prototypes will be built and tested. A set of formal guidelines and a design trade space that reflects costs and capabilities for a range of passive technologies will also be developed that can be used by designers and mangers of outdoor public spaces, who will be increasingly struggling with this problem.