The Role of Temperature in Regulating Herbivory and Algal Biomass in Upwelling Systems

温度在调节上升流系统中食草动物和藻类生物量中的作用

• 批准号: 1737071
• 负责人: John Bruno
• 金额: $ 68.48万
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-01 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1737071&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Role; Temperature; Regulating; Herbivory; Algal

A well-known pattern in coastal marine systems is a positive association between the biomass of primary producers and the occurrence or intensity of upwelling. This is assumed to be caused by the increase in nutrient concentration associated with upwelling, enabling higher primary production and thus greater standing algal biomass. However, upwelling also causes large, rapid declines in water temperature. Because the metabolism of fish and invertebrate herbivores is temperature-dependent, cooler upwelled water could reduce consumer metabolism and grazing intensity. This could in turn lead to increased standing algal biomass. Thus upwelling could influence both bottom-up and top-down control of populations and communities of primary producers. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that grazing intensity and algal biomass are, in part, regulated by temperature via the temperature-dependence of metabolic rates. Broader impacts include the training and retention of minority students through UNC's Course Based Undergraduate Research program, support of undergraduate research, teacher training, and various outreach activities. The investigators will take advantage of the uniquely strong spatiotemporal variance in water temperature in the Galápagos Islands to compare grazing intensity and primary production across a natural temperature gradient. They will combine field monitoring, statistical modeling, grazing assays, populations-specific metabolic measurements, and in situ herbivore exclusion and nutrient addition to measure the effects of temperature on pattern and process in shallow subtidal communities. The researchers will also test the hypothesis that grazer populations at warmer sites and/or during warmer seasons are less thermally sensitive, potentially due to acclimatization or adaptation. Finally, the investigators will perform a series of mesocosm experiments to measure the effect of near-future temperatures on herbivores, algae, and herbivory. This work could change the way we view upwelling systems, particularly how primary production is regulated and the temperature-dependence of energy transfer across trophic levels.

沿海海洋系统的一个众所周知的模式是初级生产者的生物量与涌升的发生或强度之间的正相关。据推测，这是由于与上升流相关的营养物浓度增加造成的，从而提高了初级生产力，从而增加了藻类生物量。然而，上升流也会导致水温大幅快速下降。由于鱼类和无脊椎食草动物的新陈代谢是温度依赖性的，较冷的上升流水可以降低消费者的新陈代谢和放牧强度。这反过来又会导致藻类生物量的增加。因此，涌升流可能影响对初级生产者群体和社区的自下而上和自上而下的控制。本研究的目的是检验放牧强度和藻类生物量部分受温度通过代谢率的温度依赖性调节的假设。更广泛的影响包括少数民族学生的培训和保留通过ESTA的基于课程的本科生研究计划，本科生研究，教师培训和各种推广活动的支持。研究人员将利用加拉帕戈斯群岛水温的独特强时空变化来比较自然温度梯度下的放牧强度和初级生产。他们将结合联合收割机现场监测，统计建模，放牧分析，人口特定的代谢测量，并在原位草食动物排除和营养添加，以测量温度对模式和过程的影响，在浅水潮下带社区。研究人员还将测试这一假设，即在温暖的地点和/或在温暖的季节，食草动物种群对温度不太敏感，这可能是由于驯化或适应。最后，研究人员将进行一系列的围隔实验，以测量近期温度对食草动物，藻类和食草动物的影响。这项工作可能会改变我们看待上升流系统的方式，特别是初级生产是如何调节的，以及营养水平之间能量转移的温度依赖性。

项目成果

Global decline in capacity of coral reefs to provide ecosystem services

• DOI: 10.1016/j.oneear.2021.08.016
• 发表时间: 2021-09-17
• 期刊: ONE EARTH
• 影响因子: 16.2
• 作者: Eddy, Tyler D.;Lam, Vicky W. Y.;Cheung, William W. L.
• 通讯作者: Cheung, William W. L.

Safe Harbors: The Many Benefits of Marine Monuments and Sanctuaries

安全港：海洋纪念碑和保护区的诸多好处

• DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2018.00189
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Frontiers in Marine Science
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Bruno, John F.;Saumweber, Whitley;Crowder, Larry B.;Pendleton, Linwood;Roady, Stephen E.;Rouleau, Tracy;Sakashita, Miyoko
• 通讯作者: Sakashita, Miyoko

Top-Down and Bottom-Up Control in the Galápagos Upwelling System

加拉帕戈斯上升流系统的自上而下和自下而上控制

• DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2022.845635
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Frontiers in Marine Science
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Brandt, Margarita;Silva-Romero, Isabel;Fernández-Garnica, David;Agudo-Adriani, Esteban;Bove, Colleen B.;Bruno, John F.
• 通讯作者: Bruno, John F.

Comparative thermal performance of the reef-building coral Orbicella franksi at its latitudinal range limits

造礁珊瑚 Orbicella Franksi 在其纬度范围限制下的热性能比较

• DOI: 10.1007/s00227-019-3573-6
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Marine Biology
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: Silbiger, Nyssa J.;Goodbody-Gringley, Gretchen;Bruno, John F.;Putnam, Hollie M.
• 通讯作者: Putnam, Hollie M.

Gracilaria parva sp. nov. (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta) a Diminutive Species from the Tropical Eastern Pacific

江蓠 sp.

• DOI: 10.3390/taxonomy2010004
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Taxonomy
• 作者: Freshwater, D. Wilson;Williamson, Bo;Gabrielson, Paul W.;Brandt, Margarita
• 通讯作者: Brandt, Margarita