Finding Arcadia: Images of Arcadia in Classical Antiquity.

寻找阿卡迪亚：古典时期阿卡迪亚的形象。

• 批准号: 231658299
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Tanja Susanne Scheer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Althistorisches Seminar
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2011-12-31 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/231658299?language=en
• 关键词: Finding; Arcadia; Images; Classical; Antiquity.

In antiquity, Arcadia is not the pastoral idyll of our modern era. For Greeks and Romans this landscape had a highly ambiguous character. Alongside Arcadia as a real and geographically delineable area in the Greek mainland, ever since the time of the Homeric epic there also existed certain stereotypes of an imaginary landscape. Arcadia can be a paradigm of primitiveness or a model of civilization - a sinister antediluvian place with werewolves and ogres, or a venerable landscape whose inhabitants have given to mankind certain seminal inventions and which one can proudly correlate with various historical contexts. Ancient images of Arcadia were not constant but changed according to the subjects perspective and temporal placement (classical era, Hellenism, the imperial period). My project will pursue these changes, analyze their forms, origins and contexts, and compare and contrast the various roles and functions of 'Arcadia' in the Greek and Roman cultures. At the center of my analysis is the Arcadian self-image with its specific self- ascriptions, which are to be found in the literary sources and above all in local evidence such as inscriptions and coins. Building on this I will show just how Arcadia was perceived in the Greek world as well as what places, periods and pathways to the Arcadian images were of importance for the other Greeks, particularly the Athenians. I will also be analyzing the view from outside and showing how and why the Romans were able to find 'their Arcadia' despite spatial, temporal and linguistic distance from the original. Ancient images of Arcadia will be dealt with primarily within the cultural self- understanding entailed in myth. It is here that the past was constructed and made fruitful for the political present. Depending on the context, Greeks and Romans created heterotopias, mythical landscapes, and a variety of imaginary Arcadias that could be used as model, terrible visions, or possibly also as images of longing in concrete political disputes and contests of prestige. In the reality of the ancient world - and we see this, at latest, with Pausanias Periegesis - these imaginary landscapes have an impact on the real Arcadia, the external expectations becoming concretely apparent.This systematic analysis of ancient images of Arcadia from a variety of perspectives will allow for new findings regarding the history of a landscape and the self-depiction of its inhabitants. Moreover, this analysis will make a contribution to a greater understanding of the reception of Arcadia in Greece and Rome. It will show that Arcadia was an important factor in the self-image of the Greeks and Romans, for whoever finds 'his' Arcadia is above all revealing himself.

在古代，阿卡迪亚不是我们现代时代的田园牧歌。对于希腊人和罗马人来说，这一景观具有高度模糊的特征。除了阿卡迪亚作为希腊大陆上一个真实的和地理上可描绘的地区之外，自荷马史诗时代以来，还存在着某些对想象景观的刻板印象。阿卡迪亚可以是一个文明的典范，也可以是一个文明的典范--一个充满狼人和食人魔的邪恶的上古之地，或者是一个古老的景观，那里的居民给了人类某些开创性的发明，人们可以自豪地将其与各种历史背景联系起来。阿卡迪亚的古代形象并不是一成不变的，而是根据主题的视角和时间位置（古典时代，希腊化，帝国时期）而变化的。我的项目将追踪这些变化，分析它们的形式，起源和背景，并比较和对比希腊和罗马文化中“阿卡迪亚”的各种角色和功能。 我分析的中心是阿卡迪亚人的自我形象及其特定的自我归属，这些自我归属可以在文学资料中找到，尤其是在当地的证据中，如铭文和硬币。在此基础上，我将展示阿卡迪亚在希腊世界是如何被感知的，以及阿卡迪亚形象的地点、时期和途径对其他希腊人，特别是雅典人来说是重要的。我也将分析从外面的观点，并显示如何以及为什么罗马人能够找到“他们的阿卡迪亚”，尽管空间，时间和语言距离从原来的。阿卡迪亚的古代形象将主要在神话中所包含的文化自我理解的范围内进行处理。正是在这里，过去被构建起来，并为现在的政治带来了成果。根据不同的背景，希腊人和罗马人创造了异托邦、神话景观和各种想象中的阿卡迪亚，这些都可以作为模型、可怕的景象，或者也可以作为具体的政治争端和声望竞争中的渴望形象。在古代世界的现实中--我们最新从鲍桑尼亚·佩里杰西斯那里看到了这一点--这些想象中的景观对真实的阿卡迪亚产生了影响，外部的期望变得具体化。从各种角度对阿卡迪亚的古代形象进行系统分析，将有助于我们对景观的历史和居民的自我描述有新的发现。此外，这种分析将有助于更好地了解阿卡迪亚在希腊和罗马的接受。它将表明，阿卡迪亚是希腊人和罗马人自我形象的一个重要因素，因为无论谁找到了“他的”阿卡迪亚，首先就是揭示了他自己。