CAREER: Focused Hard X-ray Study of Energy Releases on the Sun and Stellar Objects

职业：太阳和恒星物体能量释放的聚焦硬 X 射线研究

• 批准号: 1752268
• 负责人: Lindsay Glesener
• 金额: $ 81.97万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-05-01 至 2024-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1752268&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Focused; Hard; ray; Study

This five-year CAREER project is intended to form an important link between the high-energy solar and astrophysics communities, and offers a rare opportunity to use the same high-energy telescope (NuSTAR) to study flares on the Sun and other stars. In tandem, undergraduate and graduate students will construct and run a set of citizen science projects aimed at the investigation of particle acceleration in solar flares using data from the past generation of (indirect) hard X-ray observations. The family of citizen science projects will serve the important purpose of education at the university level and will additionally serve as a solar physics outreach tool as we directly engage the public in high-energy research. Thus, education, outreach, and research are naturally integrated within the project. It is intended that these initial citizen science efforts will develop and blossom beyond the extent of this project, opening up citizen science as a platform to analyze the wealth of data provided by multi-wavelength observations of the Sun. In addition, this project will provide significant support for a relatively new solar physics research group at the University of Minnesota that includes several early-career women, directly affecting the future gender balance of the solar and stellar physics communities. The research and EPO agenda of this CAREER project supports the Strategic Goals of the AGS Division in discovery, learning, diversity, and interdisciplinary research.The research program of this five-year CAREER project constitutes an integrated approach to studying particle acceleration and coronal heating associated with impulsive energy releases (flares) on the Sun and other stars. The main objective is to investigate how high-energy flare properties scale with total energy released by using newly available focused hard X-ray measurements. This objective will be achieved through three complementary efforts. Firstly, existing and anticipated data sets from the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) and the Focusing Optics X- ray Solar Imager (FOXSI) will be used to investigate the physics of small microflares on the Sun. Second, the first set of focused hard X-ray observations of young stellar objects (YSOs) will be analyzed to understand energy release in giant flares. Finally, a student-built family of citizen science projects will analyze solar flares observed over the last solar cycle by the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) in order to unearth new insight into flare particle acceleration. The research agenda is expected to significantly advance flare knowledge by illuminating the physics of small-scale energy release in sub-A-class microflares -- a regime never before studied at high energies. Furthermore, the project will utilize never-before-available hard X-ray observations of YSO flares to investigate whether they are governed by the same processes of energy release, particle acceleration, and heating as in solar flares, and will ascertain the aspects of those flares that may have the ability to affect developing planetary systems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这一为期五年的职业计划旨在建立高能太阳能和天体物理界之间的重要联系，并提供了一个难得的机会，可以使用相同的高能望远镜(NuSTAR)来研究太阳和其他恒星上的耀斑。同时，本科生和研究生将建立和运行一系列公民科学项目，旨在利用上一代(间接)硬X射线观测数据调查太阳耀斑中的粒子加速。公民科学项目家庭将服务于大学教育的重要目的，并将作为太阳物理推广工具，因为我们直接让公众参与高能研究。因此，教育、外展和研究自然是项目的一部分。这些最初的公民科学努力将发展和开花结果超出这个项目的范围，打开公民科学作为一个平台，分析太阳多波长观测提供的丰富数据。此外，该项目将为明尼苏达大学一个相对较新的太阳物理研究小组提供重大支持，该小组包括几名职业生涯早期的女性，直接影响太阳和恒星物理界未来的性别平衡。这个职业项目的研究和EPO议程支持AGS部门在发现、学习、多样性和跨学科研究方面的战略目标。这个为期五年的职业项目的研究计划构成了研究与太阳和其他恒星上的脉冲能量释放(耀斑)相关的粒子加速和日冕加热的综合方法。主要目的是研究高能耀斑的性质如何与利用新获得的聚焦硬X射线测量释放的总能量成比例。这一目标将通过三个相辅相成的努力来实现。首先，来自核光谱望远镜阵列(NuSTAR)和聚焦光学X射线太阳成像仪(FOXSI)的现有和预期的数据集将用于研究太阳上的微小微耀斑的物理学。其次，将分析第一组年轻恒星对象(YSO)的聚焦硬X射线观测，以了解巨型耀斑中的能量释放。最后，一个由学生建立的公民科学项目家庭将分析鲁文·拉马蒂高能光谱成像仪(RHESSI)在上一个太阳周期观察到的太阳耀斑，以揭示耀斑粒子加速的新见解。这项研究议程预计将通过阐明A级以下微耀斑中小规模能量释放的物理学来显著推进耀斑知识--这是一种以前从未在高能下研究过的制度。此外，该项目将利用以前从未获得过的YSO耀斑的硬X射线观测来调查它们是否受到与太阳耀斑相同的能量释放、粒子加速和加热过程的支配，并将确定这些耀斑可能具有影响行星系统发展的能力的方面。这一奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Hard X-Ray Constraints on Small-scale Coronal Heating Events

小规模日冕加热事件的硬 X 射线约束

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aad380
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Marsh, Andrew J.;Smith, David M.;Glesener, Lindsay;Klimchuk, James A.;Bradshaw, Stephen J.;Vievering, Juliana;Hannah, Iain G.;Christe, Steven;Ishikawa, Shin-nosuke;Krucker, Säm
• 通讯作者: Krucker, Säm

Joint X-Ray, EUV, and UV Observations of a Small Microflare

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab2dfa
• 发表时间: 2019-08-20
• 期刊: ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Hannah, Iain G.;Kleint, Lucia;Smith, David M.
• 通讯作者: Smith, David M.

Connecting solar flare hard X-ray spectra to in situ electron spectra: A comparison of RHESSI and STEREO/SEPT observations

将太阳耀斑硬 X 射线光谱与原位电子光谱联系起来：RHESSI 和 STEREO/SEPT 观测结果的比较

• DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202141365
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Astronomy & Astrophysics
• 影响因子: 6.5
• 作者: Dresing, N.;Warmuth, A.;Effenberger, F.;Klein, K.-L.;Musset, S.;Glesener, L.;Brüdern, M.
• 通讯作者: Brüdern, M.

Use of a ray-tracing simulation to characterize ghost rays in the FOXSI rocket experiment

使用光线追踪模拟来表征 FOXSI 火箭实验中的幻影射线

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/15/11/p11032
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of Instrumentation
• 影响因子: 1.3
• 作者: Buitrago-Casas, J.C.;Christe, S.;Glesener, L.;Krucker, S.;Ramsey, B.;Bongiorno, S.;Kilaru, K.;Athiray, P.S.;Narukage, N.;Ishikawa, S.
• 通讯作者: Ishikawa, S.

Statistical Study of Hard X-Ray Emitting Electrons Associated with Flare-related Coronal Jets

与耀斑相关的日冕喷流相关的硬 X 射线发射电子的统计研究

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab6222
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Musset, Sophie;Jeunon, Mariana;Glesener, Lindsay
• 通讯作者: Glesener, Lindsay